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Christianity (from the word Xϝιστός "Christ") is a monotheistic religion[1] centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament.[2] The Christian faith is essentially faith in Jesus as the Christ (or Messiah), the Son of God, the Savior, and God (Yahweh or the "Lord") himself.[3]
{{Sikhi}}
The word '''Sikh''' literally means '''"a learner"''' and is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''"shishya"'' which means ''disciple'' or ''student'' or ''learner''. The term is also related to ''"Saknoti"'' meaning "he is able, he is strong". In the [[Punjabi]] language the word ''Sikh'' also means ''to learn''. A Sikh is a follower of the religion called [[Sikhism]], which is the fifth largest organised religion in the world. A Sikh is a disciple of the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] which is more than a Holy book for the Sikhs - It is their perpetual and living spiritual teacher and guide.  


Adherents of Christianity, known as Christians,[4] believe that Jesus is the Messiah prophesied in the Hebrew Bible (the part of scripture common to Christianity and Judaism). Orthodox Christian theology claims that Jesus suffered, died, and was resurrected to open heaven to humans.[5] They further maintain that Jesus ascended into heaven, and most denominations teach that Jesus will return to judge all humans, living and dead, and grant immortality to his followers. He is considered the model of a virtuous life, and both the revealer and physical incarnation of God.[6] Christians call the message of Jesus Christ the Gospel ("good news") and hence refer to the earliest written accounts of his ministry as gospels.
[[Sikhism]] has [[Ten Gurus|ten human Gurus]]. The religion was founded by [[Guru Nanak]], who was born in 1469 in the [[Punjab]] region of what is now [[Pakistan]]. He was followed by nine successive human masters. The tenth master was [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. When he departed from earth, he proclaimed the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] the perpetual Guru of the Sikhs.


Christianity began as a Jewish sect[7][8] and thus, like Judaism and Islam, is classified as an Abrahamic religion (see also Judeo-Christian).[9][10][11] Originating in the eastern Mediterranean, it quickly grew in size and influence over a few decades, and by the 4th century had become the dominant religion within the Roman Empire. During the Middle Ages, most of the remainder of Europe was Christianized, with Christians also being a (sometimes large) religious minority in the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of India.[12] Following the Age of Discovery, through missionary work and colonization, Christianity spread to the Americas and the rest of the world.


Christianity has played a prominent role in the shaping of Western civilization at least since the 4th century.[13] However, the first nation to adopt Christianity as its official religion was Armenia in establishing the Armenian Orthodox Church in AD 301.
'''<big>Who is a [[Sikh.|Sikh]]?</big>'''


As of the early 21st century, Christianity has between 1.5 billion[14][15] and 2.1 billion adherents,[16] representing about a quarter to a third of the world's population and is the world's largest religion.[17] In addition, Christianity, is the state religion of several countries.[18]
A Sikh is a person who takes his spiritual guidance only from the [[Sikh Gurus]]; who believes in and remembers the one God ([[Simran]]), commonly referred to as [[Waheguru]], at all times; believes in the equality of all beings and selfless service to humanity ([[Seva]]); believes in the protection of the weak ([[Kurbani]]); preservation of peace; the promotion of personal qualities of [[Sat]] (Truth); [[Daya]] (Compassion); [[Santokh]] (Contenment); [[Nimrata]] (Humility); and [[Pyare]] (Love); and who at all times constantly repels the inner [[five evils]] of [[Kam]] (Lust), [[Krodh]] (Rage), [[Lobh]] (Greed), [[Moh]] (Attachment) and [[Ahankar]] (Ego). 


Contents [hide]
The [[Guru Granth Sahib]] defines the Sikh in these terms:
1 Beliefs
{{Srigranth|305|14019|<small>Fourth Mehl:
1.1 Creeds
One who calls himself a Sikh of the True Guru, <br>
1.2 Jesus Christ
shall rise in the early morning hours and meditate on the Lord`s Name. <br>
1.3 Death and resurrection of Jesus
Upon arising early in the morning, he is to bathe, and cleanse himself in the pool of nectar.<br>
1.4 Salvation
Following the Instructions of the Guru, he is to chant the Name of the Lord, Har, Har. <br>
1.5 Trinity
All sins, misdeeds and negativity shall be erased.<br>
1.5.1 Trinitarians
Then, at the rising of the sun, he is to sing Gurbani; <br>
1.5.2 Non-trinitarians
whether sitting down or standing up, he is to meditate on the Lord`s Name.<br>
1.6 Scriptures
One who meditates on my Lord, Har, Har, with every breath and every morsel of food <br>
1.6.1 Roman Catholic interpretation
- that Gursikh becomes pleasing to the Guru`s Mind.</small>}}
1.6.2 Protestant interpretation
1.7 Afterlife and Eschaton
2 Worship
2.1 Sacraments
2.2 Liturgical calendar
2.3 Symbols
3 History and origins
3.1 Early Church and Christological Councils
3.2 Early Middle Ages
3.3 High and Late Middle Ages
3.4 Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation
3.5 Christianity in the Modern Era
4 Demographics
5 Denominations
5.1 Roman Catholicism and other Catholic groups
5.2 Eastern Orthodoxy
5.3 Oriental Orthodoxy
5.4 Protestantism
5.5 Other
6 Ecumenism
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links


The Guru requires the Sikh to lead a life of discipline; to rise early in the morning; to cleanse oneself both externally (bathing) and internally ([[Naam simran]]) ; to meditate on the Almighty; to discard negative traits of the mind; and grasp the positive vibes from the Guru's word ([[Gurbani]]). By doing this the Sikh will become pleasing to the Guru. A Sikh must know his or her duty to oneself, the family and the community and perform this to the best of his or her ability. To lead a life of [[Chardikala]] - "positive outlook" and "buoyant and optimistic attitude to life" accepting God's will as the ultimate reality. To study and seek spiritual guidance from the Guru at difficult times, to remember the Lord always and, at all times, to seek the company of the [[Sadh sangat]] - holy congregation or spiritually wise people.


[edit] Beliefs
The Sermon On the Mount by Carl Heinrich Bloch, Danish painter, d. 1890.Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Apostles CreedWikisource has original text related to this article:
Nicene CreedIn spite of important differences of interpretation and opinion, Christians share a set of beliefs that they hold as essential to their faith.[19]


[[Image:SnatamKaur1.jpg|thumb|175px|left|A famous Sikh [[kirtan]] performer, [[Snatam Kaur]]]]
'''The summary of the main beliefs of a Sikh:'''


[edit] Creeds
* There is only one God for all the peoples of the world
Main article: Creeds
* All are equal before this one God
Creeds (from Latin credo meaning "I believe") are concise doctrinal statements or confessions, usually of religious beliefs. They began as baptismal formulas and were later expanded during the Christological controversies of the fourth and fifth centuries to become statements of faith.
* To respect all beings and to protect  the weak.
* To live by one's honest labour and enterprise - [[Kirat Karni]]
* To remember the gift of life from the Almighty and to rely on Him only
* To engage in regular remembrance of God - [[Naam Japna]] and [[Simran]]
* One must live the life of a householder - committed to Selfless service ([[Sewa]]) to the community
* To shares one's wealth with the needy - [[Wand ka Chakna]]
* To be vigilant and defend one's life from the evil internal forces - Lust ([[Kham]]), Anger ([[Krodh]]), Greed ([[Lobh]]), Attachment ([[Moh]]), and Ego ([[ahankar]]).
* To promote positive qualities both personally and among the community. To embrace  [[Sat]] (Truth); [[Daya]] (Compassion); [[Santokh]] (Contenment); [[Nimrata]] (Humility); and [[Pyare]] (Love) as positive qualities of life.
<br><br>


The Apostles Creed (Symbolum Apostolorum) was developed between the second and ninth centuries. It is the most popular creed used in worship by Western Christians. Its central doctrines are those of the Trinity and God the Creator. Each of the doctrines found in this creed can be traced to statements current in the apostolic period. The creed was apparently used as a summary of Christian doctrine for baptismal candidates in the churches of Rome.[20] Since the Apostles Creed is still unaffected by the later Christological divisions, its statement of the articles of Christian faith remain largely acceptable to most Christian denominations:
== Sikh philosophy ==
{{tocright}}


belief in God the Father, Jesus Christ as the Son of God and the Holy Spirit
{{main|Sikhism}}
the death, descent into hell, resurrection, and ascension of Christ
the holiness of the Church and the communion of saints
Christ's second coming, the Day of Judgement and salvation of the faithful.
The Nicene Creed, largely a response to Arianism, was formulated at the Councils of Nicaea and Constantinople in 325 and 381 respectively[21][22] and ratified as the universal creed of Christendom by the First Council of Ephesus in 431.[23]


The Chalcedonian Creed, developed at the Council of Chalcedon in 451,[24] though rejected by the Oriental Orthodox Churches,[25] taught Christ "to be acknowledged in two natures, inconfusedly, unchangeably, indivisibly, inseparably": one divine and one human, and that both natures are perfect but are nevertheless perfectly united into one person.[26]
[[Guru Nanak]], the founder of the faith, summed up the basis of Sikh lifestyle in three requirements: [[Naam Japo]], [[Kirat Karni]] and [[Wand kay Shako]], which means meditate on the holy name, [[Waheguru]], work diligently and honestly and share one's fruits.


The Athanasian Creed, received in the western Church as having the same status as the Nicene and Chalcedonian, says: "We worship one God in Trinity, and Trinity in Unity; neither confounding the Persons nor dividing the Substance."[27]
The [[Guru Granth Sahib]] is revered as a teacher in its own right, because it is a literal transcript of the teachings of the nine gurus who preceded it. The Sikh follows the Guru Granth Sahib strictly as his prime guide.  It was compiled by the Sikh Gurus and is maintained in its original form. In addition to their own works the gurus also included the revelations of many saints of that period. Their followers, with their turban and uncut hair, are proud and definitely distinct; yet, they show respect to the followers of other religions as well as their religions. Non-Sikhs can partake fully in Sikh prayer meetings and social functions. Members of the Sikh faith pray daily for the well being of all mankind.


Most Christians (Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox and Protestants alike) accept the use of creeds, and subscribe to at least one of the creeds mentioned above.[28] A minority of Protestants, notably Restorationists, a movement formed in the wake of the Second Great Awakening in the 19th century United States, oppose the use of creeds.[29]
The concept of saint-soldier is another unique feature which sometimes confuses observers. Every Sikh is required to aspire to sainthood by his devotion to God and service to mankind, but also, according to the situation, to adopt the role of a soldier of Waheguru.


Sikhs are required to not renounce the world and are urged to aspire to be and do their best while  not being obsessed by the act; wanting the best, but not craving to accumulate. [[Seva]] (service) is an integral part of Sikh worship. This practice is very easily observed in the Sikhs houses of worship the [[Gurdwara]] (temple/ lit. doorway to God). Visitors of any religion, class/caste or creed are welcomed.  [[Langar]] -  a free, abundant, vegetarian meal is shared in a community atmosphere to all visitors of Sikh Gurdwaras all over the world. Members of the Gurdwaras provide and prepare, what can only be described as good home cooking, the meals as part of thir service to their fellow women and men. Many Langars (Guru Ka Langars) stay open on a 24 hour basis. The Langars as the (Guru ka) indicates is a practise started and developed by each of the nine Sikn Gurus to stress the equality of every human, even Moghul Emperors sat and ate among common men.


[edit] Jesus Christ
==The Khalsa==
Main articles: Christian views of Jesus, Christology, and Jesus Christ in comparative mythology
[[Image:NishanSahib HolySymbol at GoldenTemple.jpg|thumb|250px|right|{{cs|'''[[Nishan Sahib]], the Sikh flag'''}}]]
The central tenet of Christianity is the belief in Jesus as the Son of God and the Messiah (Christ). The title "Messiah" comes from the Hebrew word מָשִםיחַ (mĝšiáħ) meaning anointed one. The Greek translation Χϝιστός (Christos) is the source of the English word "Christ".[6]
''Main article: [[Khalsa]]''


The word "Khalsa" has two literal meanings. With its root in Sanskrit, it traveled through Persian, Arabic, Greek and the 'Romance Languages', returning centuries later to India and the Punjab with the Portugese, Persians and Arab invaders. One literal meaning is "Pure" and the other meaning is "belonging to the king". When the word "Khalsa" is used for a Sikh, it implies belonging to the King, where the King is TRUTH God himself.  To become a Khalsa a Sikh must surrender him/her self completely to TRUTH God and obey God's will completely.  Only then is a Sikh  called "Khalsa."
A depiction of Jesus as a child with his mother, Mary, the Theotokos of Vladimir (12th century).Christians believe that, as the Messiah, Jesus was anointed by God as ruler and savior of humanity, and hold that Jesus' coming was the fulfillment of messianic prophecies of the Old Testament. The Christian concept of the Messiah differs significantly from the contemporary Jewish concept. The core Christian belief is that, through the death and resurrection of Jesus, sinful humans can be reconciled to God and thereby are offered salvation and the promise of eternal life.[30]


While there have been many theological disputes over the nature of Jesus over the first centuries of Christian history, Christians generally believe that Jesus is God incarnate and "true God and true man" (or both fully divine and fully human). Jesus, having become fully human, suffered the pains and temptations of a mortal man, but did not sin. As fully God, he rose to life again. According to the Bible, "God raised him from the dead,"[31] he ascended to heaven, is "seated at the right hand of the Father"[32] and will ultimately return[33] to fulfill the rest of Messianic prophecy such as the Resurrection of the dead, the Last Judgment and final establishment of the Kingdom of God.
A  Sikh who has taken Amrit becomes a member of the [[Khalsa]] Institution which is "Pure" & flawless. There after he/she is believed to have pledged his/her life to [[Guru Granth Sahib|Guru]] , and is expected not to desist from sacrificing anything and everything in a never ending struggle for the just cause of ensuring safety & welfare of the entire HUMANITY.


According to the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit and born from the Virgin Mary. Little of Jesus' childhood is recorded in the canonical Gospels, however infancy Gospels were popular in antiquity. In comparison, his adulthood, especially the week before his death, are well documented in the Gospels contained within the New Testament. The Biblical accounts of Jesus' ministry include: his baptism, miracles, preaching, teaching, and deeds.
 
For more information on this Religion, see [[Sikhism]].


===Sikhs' Five Ks===


[edit] Death and resurrection of Jesus
{{main|Five ks}}
Main articles: Crucifixion of Jesus and Resurrection of Jesus
Christians consider the resurrection of Jesus to be the cornerstone of their faith (see 1 Corinthians 15) and the most important event in human history.[34] Among Christian beliefs, the death and resurrection of Jesus are two core events on which much of Christian doctrine and theology is based.[35][36] According to the New Testament Jesus was crucified, died a physical death, was buried within a tomb, and rose from the dead three days later.[37] The New Testament mentions several resurrection appearances of Jesus on different occasions to his twelve apostles and disciples, including "more than five hundred brethren at once,"[38] before Jesus' Ascension to heaven. Jesus' death and resurrection are commemorated by Christians in all worship services, with special emphasis during Holy Week which includes Good Friday and Easter Sunday.


The death and resurrection of Jesus are usually considered the most important events in Christian Theology, partly because they demonstrate that Jesus has power over life and death and therefore has the authority and power to give people eternal life.[39]
Sikhs look different - ever wondered why? Well, They take pride in wearing five items of faith on them at all times. Some do this out of respect for their tenth prophet, [[Guru Gobind Singh]] while others are under formal command of [[Khalsa]] and have made an oath to carry these five articles of faith. It is their moral duty to don these items. The persona formally declares them being saint-soldiers of "[[Akal Purakh]]", the 'Almighty Being' with a lifelong commitment to be at war against [[FALSEHOOD]] & [[TERRORISM]].


Christian churches accept and teach the New Testament account of the resurrection of Jesus with very few exceptions.[40] Some modern scholars use the belief of Jesus' followers in the resurrection as a point of departure for establishing the continuity of the historical Jesus and the proclamation of the early church.[41] Some liberal Christians do not accept a literal bodily resurrection,[42][43] seeing the story as richly symbolic and spiritually nourishing myth. Arguments over death and resurrection claims occur at many religious debates and interfaith dialogues.[44] Paul the Apostle, an early Christian convert and missionary, wrote, "If Christ was not raised, then all our preaching is useless, and your trust in God is useless."[45][46]
These 5 items of faith are: [[Kesh]], [[Kanga]], [[Kara]], [[Kirpan]] and [[Kacha]] which translate into: uncut hair, a small comb, a band of steel, a small sword, a pair of under shorts.  Most male Sikhs will also wear a [[Turban]] over their uncut hair. The most "visible" items of faith are a [[turban]] and an untrimmed beard. This makes Sikhs stand out in a crowd, where ever they are.


==The Sikh and His Guru==


[edit] Salvation
The relationship between the Sikh ('disciple') and the Guru ('Master') is very powerful and dominant and is central to understanding the reason for the strong dedication and devoted service that is performed by the followers of this religion. The Sikh believes that the tenth Guru is their spiritual father and that all other Sikhs are his/her spiritual brothers or sisters. The commitment by the disciple to the Guru is total as is the dedication of the Gurus to the [[Panth]] or followers. The Gurus have spoken very highly of their disciples.
Main article: Salvation
Paul of Tarsus, like Jews and Roman pagans of his time, believed that sacrifice can bring about new kinship ties, purity, and eternal life.[47] For Paul the necessary sacrifice was the death of Jesus: Gentiles who are "Christ's" are like Israel descendants of Abraham and "heirs according to the promise".[48][49] The God who raised Jesus from the dead would also give new life to the "mortal bodies" of Gentile Christians, who had become with Israel the "children of God" and were therefore no longer "in the flesh".[47][50]


Modern Christian churches tend to be much more concerned with how humanity can be saved from a universal condition of sin and death than the question of how both Jews and Gentiles can be in God's family. According to both Catholic and Protestant doctrine, salvation comes by Jesus' substitutionary death and resurrection. The Catholic Church teaches that salvation does not occur without faithfulness on the part of Christians; converts must live in accordance with principles of love and ordinarily must be baptized.[51][52] Martin Luther taught that baptism was necessary for salvation, but modern Lutherans and other Protestants tend to teach that salvation is a gift that comes to an individual by God's grace, sometimes defined as "unmerited favor", even apart from baptism.
===Guru's Dedication to the Sikhs===
[[Image:Sandeep4.jpg|thumb|250px|left|A famous Sikh, Sandeep Singh Brar, founder of www.sikh.org]]


Christians differ in their views on the extent to which individuals' salvation is pre-ordained by God. Reformed theology places distinctive emphasis on grace by teaching that individuals are completely incapable of self-redemption, but that sanctifying grace is irresistible.[53] In contrast Arminians, Catholics, and Orthodox Christians believe that the exercise of free will is necessary to have faith in Jesus.[54]
[[Guru Gobind Singh]] says the following about his Sikhs or [[Khalsa]] ("the pure ones"):


<I> The Khalsa is my true image. I dwell in the Khalsa.
Khalsa is my chief purpose. I am forever with the Khalsa.
Khalsa is my closest friend. Khalsa is my mother, father & my comfort.
Khalsa is my caste & creed. My creation is through the Khalsa.
Khalsa is my haven and storehouse.  Because of the Khalsa I am honoured.
Khalsa is my body & spirit. Khalsa is my life & soul.
Khalsa is my total, true Guru. Khalsa is my courageous friend.
Khalsa is my wisdom & knowledge. I will always contemplate for the Khalsa.
Full tribute of the Khalsa is beyond me. It is impossible to truly praise the Khalsa with one tongue.
I certify that in the above, nothing is false. God and Guru Nanak are my witnesses to this truth.</I>


[edit] Trinity
Main article: Trinity
Trinity refers to the teaching that the one God comprises three distinct, eternally co-existing persons; the Father, the Son (incarnate in Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. Together, these three persons are sometimes called the Godhead,[55][56][57] although there is no single term in use in Scripture to denote the unified Godhead.[58] In the words of the Athanasian Creed, an early statement of Christian belief, "the Father is God, the Son is God, and the Holy Spirit is God, and yet there are not three Gods but one God".[59] They are distinct from another: the Father has no source, the Son is begotten of the Father, and the Spirit proceeds from the Father. Though distinct, the three persons cannot be divided from one another in being or in operation.[60]


The Trinity is an essential doctrine of mainstream Christianity. "Father, Son and Holy Spirit" represents both the immanence and transcendence of God. God is believed to be infinite and God's presence may be perceived through the actions of Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit.[61]
Further, several of the Sikh Gurus carried out extreme sacrifices - all for the furtherance of the cause and this was done without any regard for personal self-perservation, benefit or gain. [[Guru Arjan Dev]], the fifth guru was martyred by the then Mughal ruler, [[Emperor Jahangir]] for not amending the [[Adi Granth]], the Sikh Holy book to reflect his views.


According to this doctrine, God is not divided in the sense that each person has a third of the whole; rather, each person is considered to be fully God (see Perichoresis). The distinction lies in their relations, the Father being unbegotten; the Son being begotten of the Father; and the Holy Spirit proceeding from the Father and (in Western theology) from the Son. Regardless of this apparent difference, the three 'persons' are each eternal and omnipotent.
The ninth Sikh Guru, [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] became the 'leader' of the Kashmiri Hindus to protect and save these tribesmen from the tyranny of the rulers of the nation - He made the ultimate sacrifice and was martyred by [[Emperor Aurangzeb]] for not converting to Islam.


The word trias, from which trinity is derived, is first seen in the works of Theophilus of Antioch. He wrote of "the Trinity of God (the Father), His Word (the Son) and His Wisdom (Holy Spirit)".[62] The term may have been in use before this time. Afterwards it appears in Tertullian.[63][64] In the following century the word was in general use. It is found in many passages of Origen.[65]
[[Guru Gobind Singh]] is remembered by the Sikhs as a prophet who has made the most sacrifice for the [[Panth]] or 'Community'. Not only did he have to endure the sacrifice of his father Guru Tegh Bahadur, but also his mother and all his four sons or [[Four Sahibzadas]] [[Ajit Singh]], [[Jujhar Singh]], [[Zorawar Singh]] and [[Fateh Singh]].


On losing his sons, Guruji consoled their mother thus: "Mother of the Panth, What if our four sons are gone?  They still live in God's Kingdom, and forever shall live the Khalsa, Millions of our brave and dear sons." Guruji further said that their sons were 4 'gifts of virtues' from God - Their death has passed these four great virtues into the Khalsa Panth - 'Ajit' means Invincible; 'Jujhar' means warrior; 'Zorawar' means Brave; and 'Fateh' is victory. So these qualities will live in our Khalsa."
The "Hospitality of Abraham" by Andrei Rublev: The three angels represent the three persons of God.
[edit] Trinitarians
Main article: Trinitarianism
Trinitarianism denotes those Christians who believe in the concept of the Trinity. Almost all Christian denominations and Churches hold Trinitarian beliefs. Although the words "Trinity" and "Triune" do not appear in the Bible, theologians beginning in the third century developed the term and concept to facilitate comprehension of the New Testament teachings of God as Father, God as Jesus the Son, and God as the Holy Spirit. Since that time, Christian theologians have been careful to emphasize that Trinity does not imply three gods, nor that each member of the Trinity is one-third of an infinite God; Trinity is defined as one God in three Persons.[66]


===The Sikh's commitment to the Guru===
[[Image:Dr Manmohan Singh.jpg|thumb|350px|right|President Bush with India's Sikh Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh]]


[edit] Non-trinitarians
The baptised Sikh is called a [[Khalsa]] or the 'Pure One'. When Sikhs become Khalsas, they pledge their lives to the Guru - So their commitment is total. This devotion can be seen through history when the Sikhs have fought until death for the cause. The [[Battle of Saragarhi]] (1897) is remembered and honoured as one of many battles where the Sikhs have fought with unflinching strength. In the Battle of Saragarhi, the Sikh Havildar Ishar Singh with 21 other soldiers  fought with ultimate and supreme bravery against 10,000 Afridi  tribesmen. This battle has been taught as history in France for many years as a lesson in bravery and comradeship.
Main article: Nontrinitarianism
Nontrinitarianism refers to beliefs systems that reject the doctrine of the Trinity. Various nontrinitarian views, such as adoptionism or modalism, existed in early Christianity, leading to the disputes about Christology.[67] Nontrinitarianism later appeared again in the Gnosticism of the Cathars in the 11th through 13th centuries, in the Age of Enlightenment of the 18th century, and in Restorationism during the 19th century.


Many other such supreme sacrifices have been made by the Sikhs for their religion, their country or even their alliance partners. In the two great World Wars, over 80,000 Sikhs died for the British and Alliance force in a battles where they could have opted out. Many Sikhs received the [[Victoria Cross]] and the [[Param Vir Chakras]] for their gallantry and courage.


[edit] Scriptures
==Duties of a Sikh==
 
This section deals with the general duty of a Sikh to Society and God rather that his/her daily Practises which are dealt with in a subsequent section.
 
# Accept the [[Ten Gurus]] and [[SGGS]] as their Spiritual Teachers. Regularly study, meditate on and read the [[SGGS]]. [[Naam Japo]]; have faith in Guru & God.
# Live a householder life - honest, simple and family oriented [[Kirat Karni]]; Know you responsibilities and honour these.
# Contribute to the well being of Society by offering selfless service without receiving payment and give ten percent of their net income to a charity, poor person, worthy cause, etc. [[Wand kay Shako]]
 
# Treat every person as an equal irrespective of caste, creed, gender, profession, social status, age, race, ability, etc.
# Speak politely; forgive easily and be humble at all times - page 1384 - "Humility is the word, forgiveness is the virtue, and sweet speech is the magic mantra. Wear these three robes, O sister, and you will captivate your Husband".
# Avoid the five thieves - PAGAL - Pride, Anger, Greed, Attachment to Worldly things [[Maya]] and Lust.
# If you are a [[Baptised Sikh]], Wear the [[5Ks]].
# Do not be cruel; nor have a negative outlook on life; Always have a Positive Attitude [[Chardi Kala]].
# Do not practise rituals or superstitions; no fasting; no penances; Always be logical and scientific in your approach to any problem.
 
==Daily Practises of a Sikh==
 
The following is the daily routine to be followed by a practising Sikh:
 
# To rise early in the morning
# To have a shower or bath - Minimum to wash face, hands & feet.
# To mediate on God and recite the [Bani]s of the Guru - [[Japji]] Sahib, [[Jaap]] Sahib and 3 other banis. If possible to attend [[Gurdwara]] - Sikh Temple; to listen to Kirtan whenever possible.
# To perform [[Aardas]], have breakfast and attend to the family needs
# To attend work, training, or study, etc and perform [[Kirit Karni]]
# To perform Aardas and have lunch
# Finish your daily work, school or college and return home to see to your family duties.
# In the evening after tea to recite or listen to the [[Rehras]] Sahib
# After Aardas, to have the evening meal and engage in recreational, Charitable, Social tasks
# Before bed to recite the [[Kirtan Sohila]]
 
==Decorated Sikhs in the military==
[[Image:Victoria Cross Medal Ribbon & Bar.jpg|thumb|left|The prestigious [[Victoria Cross]], awarded for exceptional valour "in the face of the enemy".|80px]]
*[[Bana Singh]] - awarded the Param Vir Chakra.
*[[Ishar Singh|Captain Ishar Singh]] - The first Sikh to receive the [[Victoria Cross]].
*[[Gurbachan Singh Salaria|Captain Gurbachan Singh Salaria]] - awarded Param Vir Chakra.
*[[Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon|Flying Officer Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon]] - awarded Param Vir Chakra (the only officer of the Indian Air Force to be awarded Param Vir Chakra).
*[[Gian Singh]] - awarded the Victoria Cross.
*[[Jagjit Singh Aurora|Lt. General Jagjit Singh Aurora]] - supervised the surrender of more than 90,000 Pakistani soldiers in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) during the 1971 India-Pakistan war.
*[[Subedar Joginder Singh]] - awarded Param Vir Chakra.
*[[Karamjeet Singh Judge|Lieutenant Karamjit Singh Judge]] - awarded the Victoria Cross.
*[[Karam Singh|Lance Karam Singh]] - awarded the Military Medal in World War II and awarded Param Vir Chakra (the second person to receive Param Vir Chakra).
*[[Parkash Singh|Major Havildar Parkash Singh]] - awarded the Victoria Cross.
*[[Nand Singh]] - awarded the [[Victoria Cross]].
 
===Primary Beliefs & Principles:===
 
#'''One God:''' - There is only ONE God who has infinite qualities and names; S/He* is the same for all religions;
#'''Re-incarnation, Karma & Salvation:''' - Every creature has a Soul; on death, the Soul is passed from one body to another until Liberation.
#'''Remember God:''' Love God but have fear of Him* as well.
#'''"Humanhood" (Brotherhood*):''' All human beings are equal. We are sons and daughters of [[Waheguru]], the Almighty.
#'''Uphold Moral Values:''' Defend, safeguard and fight for the rights of all creatures and in particular your fellow beings.
#. '''Personal Sacrifice:''' Be prepared to give your life for all supreme principles - see the life of [[Guru Teg Bahadur]].
#'''Many Paths lead to God:''' - Sikhs are not Special: The Sikhs are not the chosen people of God - By just calling yourself a Sikh does not bring you salvation.
#'''Positive Attitude to Life:''' "Chardi Kala" - Always have a positive and obtemistic view of life.
#'''Disciplined Life:''' Upon baptism, must wear the [[5Ks]]; strict recital of the 5 prayers [[Bani]]s, etc.
#'''No Special Worship Days:''' Sikhs do not believe that any particular day is holier than any other.
#'''Conquer the 5 Thieves:''' It every Sikhs duty to defeat these 5 thieves
#'''Attack with 5 Weapons:''' Contentment (Santokh), Charity (Dan), Kindness (Daya ), Chardi Kala (Positive Energy), Humility (Nimarta)
 
For more on this section select [[Primary Beliefs and Principles]]
 
===Underlying Values:===
The Sikhs must believe in the following Values:
 
#'''Equality:''' All humans are equal before God - No discrimination is allowed on the basis of Caste, Race, Sex, Creed, Origin, colour, education, status, wealth, etc.
#'''God's Spirit:''' All Creatures have God's spirits and must be properly respected. Show love for all living things. Mistreatment of any living creature is tabooed and forbidden.
#'''Personal Right:''' Every person has a right to life but this right is restricted and has attached certain duties - Simple Living is essential.
#'''Actions Count:''' Salvation is obtained by one's actions - Good deeds, remembrance of God - [[Naam]] [[Simran]], [[Kirtan]], etc
#'''Living a Family Life:''' Must live as a family unit (householder) to provide and nurture children for the perpetual benefit of creation.
#'''Sharing:''' It is encouraged to share and give to charity 10 percent of one's net earnings.
#'''Accept God's Will:''' Develop your personality so that you recognise happy event and miserable events as one - the Will of God causes them.
#'''The 4 Fruits of Life:''' Truth, Contentment, Contemplation and Naam([[Guru Granth Sahib|GurBani or SatGur]]).
For more information on this section select [[Sikhism Underlying Values]]
 
===Prohibited Behavior:===
 
#'''Non-Logical Behavior:''' Superstitions; rituals, which have no meaning, pilgrimages, fasting and bathing in rivers; gambling; circumcision; worship of graves, idols, pictures; compulsory wearing of the veil for women; etc;
#'''Material Obsession:''' ("Maya") Accumulation of materials have no meaning in Sikhism. Wealth, Gold, Portfolio, Stocks, Commodities, properties will all be left here on Earth when you depart. Do not get attached to them.
#'''Sacrifice of Creatures:''' [[Sati]] - widows throwing themselves in the funeral pyre of their husbands; lamb and calf slaughter to celebrate holy occasions; etc
#'''Non-Family Oriented Living:''' A sikh is not allowed to live a recluse, beggar, yogi, monk, Nun, celibacy, etc
#'''Worthless Talk:''' bragging, gossip, lying, etc are not permitted.
#'''Intoxication:''' Drinking alcohol; Drugs; Smoking tobacco; consumption of other intoxicants; etc
#'''No priestly Class:''' Sikhs do not have to depend on a priest fro any of the functions that need to be performed.
 
 
For more information on this section select [[Sikhism Prohibited Behaviour]]
 
===Technique and Methods:===
 
#''' [[Naam]]:''' Japo - [[Meditation]] & Prayer, Free Service [[Sewa]], [[Simran]], Sacred Music [[Kirtan]]
#''' [[Kirat Karni]]:''' - Honest, Earnings, labour, etc while remembering the Lord
#''' [[Wand kay Shako]]:''' - Share with Others who are deserving, Free Food [[langar]], 10% Donation [[Daasvand]], etc
 
 
For more information select [[Sikhism Technique and Methods]]
 
===Other Observations:===
 
#'''Not Son of God:''' The Gurus were not in the Christian sense "Sons of God". Sikhism says we are all Gods kids and S/He* is our Father/Mother.
#'''All Welcomed:''' Members of All religions can visit Sikh temples ("Gurdwaras") but please observe the local rules - Cover Head, No shoes, No Smoking when going in to the Main Hall.
#'''Multi-Level Approach:''' Sikhism recognises the concept of a Multi-level approach to achieving your target as a disciple of the faith. For example, "Sahajdhari" (slow adopters) are Sikhs who have not donned the full 5Ks but are still Sikhs nevertheless.
 
 
For more information on this section select [[Sikhism Other Observations]]
 
''' '*' = the Punjabi language''' does not have a gender for God. Unfortunately, when translating, the proper meaning cannot be properly conveyed without using Him/His/He/Brotherhood, S/He, etc but this distorts the meaning by giving the impression that God is masculine - which is not the message in the original script. The reader must correct for this every time these words are used.
 
==External Links==
 
* [http://www.sikhnet.com/ SikhNet] - Sikh community website
* [http://www.gurmat.info/ Sikh Missionary Society (UK)] - Non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the Sikh religion, culture and history
* [http://srec.gurmat.info/ Sikh Research and Education Center] - Online Reference Library is an ever-expanding collection of resources promoting the Sikh religion, culture and history
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh Wikipedia] - free Worldwide encyclopaedia
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/ BBC] BBC on Sikhism
* [http://www.sikhspectrum.com/ SikhSpectrum.com Quarterly]
* [http://www.sikhismguide.org/ Sikhism Guide] - Guide to Sikhism
* [http://www.ggssc.org/ Guru Gobind Singh Study Circle] - A socio-religious non-profit Sikh organization
* [http://www.sikhs.org/ The Sikhism Home Page] - General resource site introducing the main concepts of Sikhism
* [http://www.sikhvideos.org/ Sikh Videos Gurbani Kirtan] - Sikhism videos
* [http://www.allaboutsikhs.com/ All About Sikhs] - Sikhism resource site
* [http://www.sikhism.us/ Sikh Philosophy Network] - Exploring the United Colors of Sikhism
* [http://asht.info/index_original.html Anglo Sikh Heritage Trail] - A new perspective on the heritage of one of Britain's most visible minorities
* [http://www.gurudwara.net/ Sikh Gurudwaras Around the World] - A global database of Sikh Gurudwaras around the world
{|style="background-color:#FFE7B5;" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3"
|[http://g5sikhmedia.co.uk/sikhi.html '''G5 Sikh Media - Sikh Social Enterprise''']  '''G5 Sikh Media is an Award winning Sikh Social Enterprise teaching Sikhs and Non-Sikhs about the Sikh faith through a visually exciting way. G5 Sikh Media also help promote and recognise young Sikhs aross the U.K and sell Sikh merchandise.'''
|}
 
==References==
* Concepts of Seva and Simran[http://www.sikhpoint.com/religion/philosophyofsikhism/default.php]
* Eleanor Nesbitt, "Sikhism: a very short introduction", ISBN 0-19-280601-7, [[Oxford University Press]], pp. 13-21
*Sikh Philosophical Tenants[http://www.sikhs.org/philos.htm]
 
{{beliefs}}
 
{{Message of SGGS}}
 
{{SGGSmenu}}
 
{{kirtan}}
 
{{history}}
 
{{Sacrifice}}
 
{{Sikhism}}
 
[[category:Glossary of Sikh Terms]]

Revision as of 18:13, 24 June 2009

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Articles on Sikhism

The word Sikh literally means "a learner" and is derived from the Sanskrit word "shishya" which means disciple or student or learner. The term is also related to "Saknoti" meaning "he is able, he is strong". In the Punjabi language the word Sikh also means to learn. A Sikh is a follower of the religion called Sikhism, which is the fifth largest organised religion in the world. A Sikh is a disciple of the Guru Granth Sahib which is more than a Holy book for the Sikhs - It is their perpetual and living spiritual teacher and guide.

Sikhism has ten human Gurus. The religion was founded by Guru Nanak, who was born in 1469 in the Punjab region of what is now Pakistan. He was followed by nine successive human masters. The tenth master was Guru Gobind Singh. When he departed from earth, he proclaimed the Guru Granth Sahib the perpetual Guru of the Sikhs.


Who is a Sikh?

A Sikh is a person who takes his spiritual guidance only from the Sikh Gurus; who believes in and remembers the one God (Simran), commonly referred to as Waheguru, at all times; believes in the equality of all beings and selfless service to humanity (Seva); believes in the protection of the weak (Kurbani); preservation of peace; the promotion of personal qualities of Sat (Truth); Daya (Compassion); Santokh (Contenment); Nimrata (Humility); and Pyare (Love); and who at all times constantly repels the inner five evils of Kam (Lust), Krodh (Rage), Lobh (Greed), Moh (Attachment) and Ahankar (Ego).

The Guru Granth Sahib defines the Sikh in these terms:

SGGS Page 305 Full Shabad
Fourth Mehl:

One who calls himself a Sikh of the True Guru,
shall rise in the early morning hours and meditate on the Lord`s Name.
Upon arising early in the morning, he is to bathe, and cleanse himself in the pool of nectar.
Following the Instructions of the Guru, he is to chant the Name of the Lord, Har, Har.
All sins, misdeeds and negativity shall be erased.
Then, at the rising of the sun, he is to sing Gurbani;
whether sitting down or standing up, he is to meditate on the Lord`s Name.
One who meditates on my Lord, Har, Har, with every breath and every morsel of food
- that Gursikh becomes pleasing to the Guru`s Mind.

The Guru requires the Sikh to lead a life of discipline; to rise early in the morning; to cleanse oneself both externally (bathing) and internally (Naam simran) ; to meditate on the Almighty; to discard negative traits of the mind; and grasp the positive vibes from the Guru's word (Gurbani). By doing this the Sikh will become pleasing to the Guru. A Sikh must know his or her duty to oneself, the family and the community and perform this to the best of his or her ability. To lead a life of Chardikala - "positive outlook" and "buoyant and optimistic attitude to life" accepting God's will as the ultimate reality. To study and seek spiritual guidance from the Guru at difficult times, to remember the Lord always and, at all times, to seek the company of the Sadh sangat - holy congregation or spiritually wise people.


A famous Sikh kirtan performer, Snatam Kaur

The summary of the main beliefs of a Sikh:

  • There is only one God for all the peoples of the world
  • All are equal before this one God
  • To respect all beings and to protect the weak.
  • To live by one's honest labour and enterprise - Kirat Karni
  • To remember the gift of life from the Almighty and to rely on Him only
  • To engage in regular remembrance of God - Naam Japna and Simran
  • One must live the life of a householder - committed to Selfless service (Sewa) to the community
  • To shares one's wealth with the needy - Wand ka Chakna
  • To be vigilant and defend one's life from the evil internal forces - Lust (Kham), Anger (Krodh), Greed (Lobh), Attachment (Moh), and Ego (ahankar).
  • To promote positive qualities both personally and among the community. To embrace Sat (Truth); Daya (Compassion); Santokh (Contenment); Nimrata (Humility); and Pyare (Love) as positive qualities of life.



Sikh philosophy

Main article: Sikhism

Guru Nanak, the founder of the faith, summed up the basis of Sikh lifestyle in three requirements: Naam Japo, Kirat Karni and Wand kay Shako, which means meditate on the holy name, Waheguru, work diligently and honestly and share one's fruits.

The Guru Granth Sahib is revered as a teacher in its own right, because it is a literal transcript of the teachings of the nine gurus who preceded it. The Sikh follows the Guru Granth Sahib strictly as his prime guide. It was compiled by the Sikh Gurus and is maintained in its original form. In addition to their own works the gurus also included the revelations of many saints of that period. Their followers, with their turban and uncut hair, are proud and definitely distinct; yet, they show respect to the followers of other religions as well as their religions. Non-Sikhs can partake fully in Sikh prayer meetings and social functions. Members of the Sikh faith pray daily for the well being of all mankind.

The concept of saint-soldier is another unique feature which sometimes confuses observers. Every Sikh is required to aspire to sainthood by his devotion to God and service to mankind, but also, according to the situation, to adopt the role of a soldier of Waheguru.

Sikhs are required to not renounce the world and are urged to aspire to be and do their best while not being obsessed by the act; wanting the best, but not craving to accumulate. Seva (service) is an integral part of Sikh worship. This practice is very easily observed in the Sikhs houses of worship the Gurdwara (temple/ lit. doorway to God). Visitors of any religion, class/caste or creed are welcomed. Langar - a free, abundant, vegetarian meal is shared in a community atmosphere to all visitors of Sikh Gurdwaras all over the world. Members of the Gurdwaras provide and prepare, what can only be described as good home cooking, the meals as part of thir service to their fellow women and men. Many Langars (Guru Ka Langars) stay open on a 24 hour basis. The Langars as the (Guru ka) indicates is a practise started and developed by each of the nine Sikn Gurus to stress the equality of every human, even Moghul Emperors sat and ate among common men.

The Khalsa

Nishan Sahib, the Sikh flag

Main article: Khalsa

The word "Khalsa" has two literal meanings. With its root in Sanskrit, it traveled through Persian, Arabic, Greek and the 'Romance Languages', returning centuries later to India and the Punjab with the Portugese, Persians and Arab invaders. One literal meaning is "Pure" and the other meaning is "belonging to the king". When the word "Khalsa" is used for a Sikh, it implies belonging to the King, where the King is TRUTH God himself. To become a Khalsa a Sikh must surrender him/her self completely to TRUTH God and obey God's will completely. Only then is a Sikh called "Khalsa."

A Sikh who has taken Amrit becomes a member of the Khalsa Institution which is "Pure" & flawless. There after he/she is believed to have pledged his/her life to Guru , and is expected not to desist from sacrificing anything and everything in a never ending struggle for the just cause of ensuring safety & welfare of the entire HUMANITY.


For more information on this Religion, see Sikhism.

Sikhs' Five Ks

Main article: Five ks

Sikhs look different - ever wondered why? Well, They take pride in wearing five items of faith on them at all times. Some do this out of respect for their tenth prophet, Guru Gobind Singh while others are under formal command of Khalsa and have made an oath to carry these five articles of faith. It is their moral duty to don these items. The persona formally declares them being saint-soldiers of "Akal Purakh", the 'Almighty Being' with a lifelong commitment to be at war against FALSEHOOD & TERRORISM.

These 5 items of faith are: Kesh, Kanga, Kara, Kirpan and Kacha which translate into: uncut hair, a small comb, a band of steel, a small sword, a pair of under shorts. Most male Sikhs will also wear a Turban over their uncut hair. The most "visible" items of faith are a turban and an untrimmed beard. This makes Sikhs stand out in a crowd, where ever they are.

The Sikh and His Guru

The relationship between the Sikh ('disciple') and the Guru ('Master') is very powerful and dominant and is central to understanding the reason for the strong dedication and devoted service that is performed by the followers of this religion. The Sikh believes that the tenth Guru is their spiritual father and that all other Sikhs are his/her spiritual brothers or sisters. The commitment by the disciple to the Guru is total as is the dedication of the Gurus to the Panth or followers. The Gurus have spoken very highly of their disciples.

Guru's Dedication to the Sikhs

A famous Sikh, Sandeep Singh Brar, founder of www.sikh.org

Guru Gobind Singh says the following about his Sikhs or Khalsa ("the pure ones"):

The Khalsa is my true image. I dwell in the Khalsa. Khalsa is my chief purpose. I am forever with the Khalsa. Khalsa is my closest friend. Khalsa is my mother, father & my comfort. Khalsa is my caste & creed. My creation is through the Khalsa. Khalsa is my haven and storehouse. Because of the Khalsa I am honoured. Khalsa is my body & spirit. Khalsa is my life & soul. Khalsa is my total, true Guru. Khalsa is my courageous friend. Khalsa is my wisdom & knowledge. I will always contemplate for the Khalsa. Full tribute of the Khalsa is beyond me. It is impossible to truly praise the Khalsa with one tongue. I certify that in the above, nothing is false. God and Guru Nanak are my witnesses to this truth.


Further, several of the Sikh Gurus carried out extreme sacrifices - all for the furtherance of the cause and this was done without any regard for personal self-perservation, benefit or gain. Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth guru was martyred by the then Mughal ruler, Emperor Jahangir for not amending the Adi Granth, the Sikh Holy book to reflect his views.

The ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur became the 'leader' of the Kashmiri Hindus to protect and save these tribesmen from the tyranny of the rulers of the nation - He made the ultimate sacrifice and was martyred by Emperor Aurangzeb for not converting to Islam.

Guru Gobind Singh is remembered by the Sikhs as a prophet who has made the most sacrifice for the Panth or 'Community'. Not only did he have to endure the sacrifice of his father Guru Tegh Bahadur, but also his mother and all his four sons or Four Sahibzadas Ajit Singh, Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh.

On losing his sons, Guruji consoled their mother thus: "Mother of the Panth, What if our four sons are gone? They still live in God's Kingdom, and forever shall live the Khalsa, Millions of our brave and dear sons." Guruji further said that their sons were 4 'gifts of virtues' from God - Their death has passed these four great virtues into the Khalsa Panth - 'Ajit' means Invincible; 'Jujhar' means warrior; 'Zorawar' means Brave; and 'Fateh' is victory. So these qualities will live in our Khalsa."

The Sikh's commitment to the Guru

President Bush with India's Sikh Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh

The baptised Sikh is called a Khalsa or the 'Pure One'. When Sikhs become Khalsas, they pledge their lives to the Guru - So their commitment is total. This devotion can be seen through history when the Sikhs have fought until death for the cause. The Battle of Saragarhi (1897) is remembered and honoured as one of many battles where the Sikhs have fought with unflinching strength. In the Battle of Saragarhi, the Sikh Havildar Ishar Singh with 21 other soldiers fought with ultimate and supreme bravery against 10,000 Afridi tribesmen. This battle has been taught as history in France for many years as a lesson in bravery and comradeship.

Many other such supreme sacrifices have been made by the Sikhs for their religion, their country or even their alliance partners. In the two great World Wars, over 80,000 Sikhs died for the British and Alliance force in a battles where they could have opted out. Many Sikhs received the Victoria Cross and the Param Vir Chakras for their gallantry and courage.

Duties of a Sikh

This section deals with the general duty of a Sikh to Society and God rather that his/her daily Practises which are dealt with in a subsequent section.

  1. Accept the Ten Gurus and SGGS as their Spiritual Teachers. Regularly study, meditate on and read the SGGS. Naam Japo; have faith in Guru & God.
  2. Live a householder life - honest, simple and family oriented Kirat Karni; Know you responsibilities and honour these.
  3. Contribute to the well being of Society by offering selfless service without receiving payment and give ten percent of their net income to a charity, poor person, worthy cause, etc. Wand kay Shako
  1. Treat every person as an equal irrespective of caste, creed, gender, profession, social status, age, race, ability, etc.
  2. Speak politely; forgive easily and be humble at all times - page 1384 - "Humility is the word, forgiveness is the virtue, and sweet speech is the magic mantra. Wear these three robes, O sister, and you will captivate your Husband".
  3. Avoid the five thieves - PAGAL - Pride, Anger, Greed, Attachment to Worldly things Maya and Lust.
  4. If you are a Baptised Sikh, Wear the 5Ks.
  5. Do not be cruel; nor have a negative outlook on life; Always have a Positive Attitude Chardi Kala.
  6. Do not practise rituals or superstitions; no fasting; no penances; Always be logical and scientific in your approach to any problem.

Daily Practises of a Sikh

The following is the daily routine to be followed by a practising Sikh:

  1. To rise early in the morning
  2. To have a shower or bath - Minimum to wash face, hands & feet.
  3. To mediate on God and recite the [Bani]s of the Guru - Japji Sahib, Jaap Sahib and 3 other banis. If possible to attend Gurdwara - Sikh Temple; to listen to Kirtan whenever possible.
  4. To perform Aardas, have breakfast and attend to the family needs
  5. To attend work, training, or study, etc and perform Kirit Karni
  6. To perform Aardas and have lunch
  7. Finish your daily work, school or college and return home to see to your family duties.
  8. In the evening after tea to recite or listen to the Rehras Sahib
  9. After Aardas, to have the evening meal and engage in recreational, Charitable, Social tasks
  10. Before bed to recite the Kirtan Sohila

Decorated Sikhs in the military

The prestigious Victoria Cross, awarded for exceptional valour "in the face of the enemy".

Primary Beliefs & Principles:

  1. One God: - There is only ONE God who has infinite qualities and names; S/He* is the same for all religions;
  2. Re-incarnation, Karma & Salvation: - Every creature has a Soul; on death, the Soul is passed from one body to another until Liberation.
  3. Remember God: Love God but have fear of Him* as well.
  4. "Humanhood" (Brotherhood*): All human beings are equal. We are sons and daughters of Waheguru, the Almighty.
  5. Uphold Moral Values: Defend, safeguard and fight for the rights of all creatures and in particular your fellow beings.
  6. . Personal Sacrifice: Be prepared to give your life for all supreme principles - see the life of Guru Teg Bahadur.
  7. Many Paths lead to God: - Sikhs are not Special: The Sikhs are not the chosen people of God - By just calling yourself a Sikh does not bring you salvation.
  8. Positive Attitude to Life: "Chardi Kala" - Always have a positive and obtemistic view of life.
  9. Disciplined Life: Upon baptism, must wear the 5Ks; strict recital of the 5 prayers Banis, etc.
  10. No Special Worship Days: Sikhs do not believe that any particular day is holier than any other.
  11. Conquer the 5 Thieves: It every Sikhs duty to defeat these 5 thieves
  12. Attack with 5 Weapons: Contentment (Santokh), Charity (Dan), Kindness (Daya ), Chardi Kala (Positive Energy), Humility (Nimarta)

For more on this section select Primary Beliefs and Principles

Underlying Values:

The Sikhs must believe in the following Values:

  1. Equality: All humans are equal before God - No discrimination is allowed on the basis of Caste, Race, Sex, Creed, Origin, colour, education, status, wealth, etc.
  2. God's Spirit: All Creatures have God's spirits and must be properly respected. Show love for all living things. Mistreatment of any living creature is tabooed and forbidden.
  3. Personal Right: Every person has a right to life but this right is restricted and has attached certain duties - Simple Living is essential.
  4. Actions Count: Salvation is obtained by one's actions - Good deeds, remembrance of God - Naam Simran, Kirtan, etc
  5. Living a Family Life: Must live as a family unit (householder) to provide and nurture children for the perpetual benefit of creation.
  6. Sharing: It is encouraged to share and give to charity 10 percent of one's net earnings.
  7. Accept God's Will: Develop your personality so that you recognise happy event and miserable events as one - the Will of God causes them.
  8. The 4 Fruits of Life: Truth, Contentment, Contemplation and Naam(GurBani or SatGur).

For more information on this section select Sikhism Underlying Values

Prohibited Behavior:

  1. Non-Logical Behavior: Superstitions; rituals, which have no meaning, pilgrimages, fasting and bathing in rivers; gambling; circumcision; worship of graves, idols, pictures; compulsory wearing of the veil for women; etc;
  2. Material Obsession: ("Maya") Accumulation of materials have no meaning in Sikhism. Wealth, Gold, Portfolio, Stocks, Commodities, properties will all be left here on Earth when you depart. Do not get attached to them.
  3. Sacrifice of Creatures: Sati - widows throwing themselves in the funeral pyre of their husbands; lamb and calf slaughter to celebrate holy occasions; etc
  4. Non-Family Oriented Living: A sikh is not allowed to live a recluse, beggar, yogi, monk, Nun, celibacy, etc
  5. Worthless Talk: bragging, gossip, lying, etc are not permitted.
  6. Intoxication: Drinking alcohol; Drugs; Smoking tobacco; consumption of other intoxicants; etc
  7. No priestly Class: Sikhs do not have to depend on a priest fro any of the functions that need to be performed.


For more information on this section select Sikhism Prohibited Behaviour

Technique and Methods:

  1. Naam: Japo - Meditation & Prayer, Free Service Sewa, Simran, Sacred Music Kirtan
  2. Kirat Karni: - Honest, Earnings, labour, etc while remembering the Lord
  3. Wand kay Shako: - Share with Others who are deserving, Free Food langar, 10% Donation Daasvand, etc


For more information select Sikhism Technique and Methods

Other Observations:

  1. Not Son of God: The Gurus were not in the Christian sense "Sons of God". Sikhism says we are all Gods kids and S/He* is our Father/Mother.
  2. All Welcomed: Members of All religions can visit Sikh temples ("Gurdwaras") but please observe the local rules - Cover Head, No shoes, No Smoking when going in to the Main Hall.
  3. Multi-Level Approach: Sikhism recognises the concept of a Multi-level approach to achieving your target as a disciple of the faith. For example, "Sahajdhari" (slow adopters) are Sikhs who have not donned the full 5Ks but are still Sikhs nevertheless.


For more information on this section select Sikhism Other Observations

'*' = the Punjabi language does not have a gender for God. Unfortunately, when translating, the proper meaning cannot be properly conveyed without using Him/His/He/Brotherhood, S/He, etc but this distorts the meaning by giving the impression that God is masculine - which is not the message in the original script. The reader must correct for this every time these words are used.

External Links

G5 Sikh Media - Sikh Social Enterprise G5 Sikh Media is an Award winning Sikh Social Enterprise teaching Sikhs and Non-Sikhs about the Sikh faith through a visually exciting way. G5 Sikh Media also help promote and recognise young Sikhs aross the U.K and sell Sikh merchandise.

References

  • Concepts of Seva and Simran[1]
  • Eleanor Nesbitt, "Sikhism: a very short introduction", ISBN 0-19-280601-7, Oxford University Press, pp. 13-21
  • Sikh Philosophical Tenants[2]
Khanda.jpg  Sikh beliefs   Khanda.jpg
Khanda.jpg  Message of Guru Granth Sahib   Khanda.jpg
Khanda.jpg   Guru Granth Sahib   Khanda.jpg
Structure: Index of Guru Granth Sahib · SGGS Protocol · Raag · Sikh Ragas · Ragmala · Ghar · Shabad · Tuk · Hukam · Gurdwara · Search Bani · Pauri · Ashpaadi · Salok · Var · Rahao
Message: Introduction to Sikhism · SGGS on Arguing · SGGS on charity · SGGS on meat · Pilgrimage and fasting · Sikh Women · Primary Beliefs and Principles · Underlying Values · Prohibited Behaviour · Interfaith · Guidance for All · Dharma
Banis: Guru Granth Sahib · Sikh Scripture · Dasam Granth · Ek Onkar · Waheguru · Bani · Mool Mantar · Japji Sahib · Jaap Sahib · Chaupai · Anand Sahib · Tav-Prasad Savaiye · Rehras · Sukhmani · Dakhni Oankar ·Acrostic
Ragas: Asa · Bairari · Basant · Bhairon · Bihagara · Bilaval · Devagandhari · Dhanasari · Gauri · Gond · Gujari · Jaijavanti · Jaitsri · Kalian · Kanara · Kedara · Maajh · Malaar · Mali Gaura · Maru · Nat Narain · Prabhati · Ramkali · Sarang · Sri · Sorath · Suhi · Tilang · Todi · Tukhari · Vadahans
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Khanda.jpg  Topics in Shabad Kirtan   Khanda.jpg
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Ragis: Harjinder Singh · Maninder Singh · Amolak Singh · Darshan Singh · Balwinder Singh · Harbans Singh · Anoop Singh · Niranjan Singh · Amrik Singh · Avtar Singh · Snatam Kaur ·Kamaljit Kaur · Dileep Kaur · Joginder Singh · SS Maskeen
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Gurdwaras Fatehgarh Sahib ·
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