Gurmukhi Script
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Gurmukhi Primary Letters
Below are shown the 35 primary Gurmukhi letters, with the name of each one and their pronunciation.
# | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ੳ | ਅ | ੲ | ਸ | ਹ | ਕ | ਖ | ਗ | ਘ | ਙ |
Name | Ura | Aira | Eri | Sussa | Haha | Kakka | Khukha | Gugga | Ghugga | Ungga |
Pron | Sa | Ha | Ka | Kha | Ga | Gha | Nga | |||
2 | ਚ | ਛ | ਜ | ਝ | ਞ | ਟ | ਠ | ਡ | ਢ | ਣ |
Name | Chichaa | Cheechha | Jeejja | Jhujja | Yanza | Tainka | Thutha | Dudda | Dhudda | Nahnha |
Pron | Ca | Cha | Ja | Jha | Nya | Tta | Ttha | Dda | Ddha | Nna |
3 | ਤ | ਥ | ਦ | ਧ | ਨ | ਪ | ਫ | ਬ | ਭ | ਮ |
Name | Tutta | Thutha | Duda | Dhuda | Nunna | Puppa | Phupha | Bubba | Bhabba | Mamma |
Pron | Ta | Tha | Da | Dha | Na | Pa | Pha | Ba | Bha | Ma |
4 | ਯ | ਰ | ਲ | ਵ | ੜ | |||||
Name | Yaiyya | Rara | Lalla | Vava | Rahrha | |||||
Pron | Ya | Ra | La | Va | Rra |
Gurmukhi Letter Modifiers
The following are Letter Modifiers. These are used in conjunction with some of the letters above of form unique sounds
# | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ਾ | ਿ | ੀ | ੇ | ੈ | ੋ | ੌ | | ੂ | ੰ | ਂ | ੱ | | ਼ | |
Name | Kanna | Sihari | Bihari | Lavan | Dulavan | Hora | Kanuara | Onkar | Dulankar | Tippi | bindi | Addak | |||
Effect | aa | e | ee | ee | ai | o | au | u | uu | n | nn | x2 | 'sh |
See also
- Learn Gurmukhi
- Gurmukhi
- Painti Akhri
- Gurmukhi Pronunciation
- Gurmukhi Letters
- Gurmukhi to English
- Gurmukhi Alphabet
- Gurmukhi Text
- Words in the Guru Granth Sahib
- List of Punjabi computing resources
Banis in Gurmukhi
Setting up Gurmukhi facility on your Computer
External Links
Learning Tools
- Learn Gurmukhi and Panjabi for advanced learning centre of Panjabi University patiala site
- Learn Gurmukhi lessons from letters to sentences to Shabads - Sound and Graphics
- Free online Diaspora Punjabi (Gurmukhi) lessons
- Learn Gurmukhi - Sound and Graphics
- omniglot.com
Unicode Gurmukhi
- Punjabi Computing Resource Centre web site
- Test for Unicode support in Web browsers
- Unicode script chart
Conversion tool
- Punjabi Font Converter This is an online utility which will allow the conversion of ASCII based Gurmukhi characters to Unicode. So for example the phrase : siqgur pRswid will be converted to ਸਤਿਗਰ ਪਰਸਾਦਿ
Dictionary & Translation tools
- Powerful Gurmukhi to Punjabi Dictionary by SriGranth.org
- Gaini Kirpal Singh's Punjabi Thesaurus
- Gurmukhi-Shahmukhi-English Online Multimedia Dictionary by Punjabi University, Patiala
- Alphabatic Search by PunjabiDictionary.com
- Punjabi Dictionary by PunjabOnline.com
- Multimedia enabled Punjabi (Gurmukhi & Shahmukhi) to English Dictionary by LearnPunjabi.org
- English-Punjabi Administrative Terms by Bhasha Vibhag, Punjab
- Punjabi-English and English-Punjabi Dictionaries by TamilCube
- Translate Punjabi to English (From Gurmukhi) with Translatiz
- Webtran Punjabi to English translator
- Easyhindityping Punjabi To English Translation
- Typing Baba
- Indiatyping.com
- Lingvanex
- Online Marathi Typing
Downloadable
- Punjabi-English Dictionary (Download) Distributed by MCIT, Govt. of India
- Punjabi Kosh - English to Punjabi Dictionary (Download) by Noah Hart
- Mahan Kosh Encyclopedia (Download) at ik13.com
More resources
- Punjabi Software Tools & Resources by Punjabi University, Patiala
History of Script
- Ancient scripts Landa script
- Indian alphabet comparison page
- Sharda script
- Brahmi script Sharda script
- History of Landa and Gurmukhi Script
Typing
Translation tools
References
- 1. Singh , G.B., Gurmukh] Lipi da Janarn te Vikds. Chandigarh, 1972
- 2. Teja Singh, Sahit Darshan. Paliala, 1951
- 3. Bedi, Tarlochan Singh , Punjabi Vaiiak da Alochnatmak Adhyan. Delhi, n.d.
- 4. Arun, V.B., Panjabi Bhasha da ftihds. Ludhiana, 1956
- 5. Bedi, Kala Singh, Panjabi Bhashn da Vikds. Delhi, 1971
- 6. Chatterji, Suniti Kumar, ed., The Cultural IIni/nge of India. Calculla, 1978
- 7. Grierson, G.A., Linguistic Sumey of India. Calcutta, 1916
- 8. Linguistic Survey of India,Vol IX, Part I, Delhi, 1968. &
- 9. Singh, G.B., Gurmukhi Lippi da Janam te Vikas, Chandigarh, 1972.