Peer Buddhu Shah: Difference between revisions
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==Early Life== | ==Early Life== | ||
He was born on 13 June 1647 in a prosperous [[Sayyid]] family of Sadhaura, in the presentday Ambala district of [[Haryana]]. Because of his simplicity and silent nature during his early childhood he was given the nickname of Buddhu (lit. simpleton) which stuck to him permanently. He was married at the age of 18 to a pious lady, Nasirari who is better known as [[Bibi Naseera]]. She was the sister of [[Said Khan]] | He was born on 13 June 1647 in a prosperous [[Sayyid]] family of Sadhaura, in the presentday Ambala district of [[Haryana]]. Because of his simplicity and silent nature during his early childhood he was given the nickname of Buddhu (lit. simpleton) which stuck to him permanently. He was married at the age of 18 to a pious lady, Nasirari who is better known as [[Bibi Naseera]]. She was the sister of [[Said Khan]] a highranking officer in the Mughal army. Peer Buddhu Shah had four Sons Sayyed Ashraf, Sayyed Muhomad Shah, Sayyed Muhomad Baksh, Sayyed Shah Hussain. | ||
==First Meeting With Guru Gobind Singh== | ==First Meeting With Guru Gobind Singh== | ||
It is not certain how Buddhu Shah first became acquainted with [[Guru Gobind Singh]], but it is recorded that he called on him in 1685 at Paonta, on the bank of the Yamuna. While Guru Gobind Rai was staying at Paonta, the Pir was touring the hilly areas. The Pir came to know that Guru Gobind Rai, the tenth embodiment in the line of Guru Nanak, was staying at Paonta. He went to see the Guru, in a palanquin, as it was the fashion among kings and emperors of those times to move with royal pomp and show, in palanquins, with attendants and servants. After the first meeting it became routine for Pir Budhu Shah to visit the Guru. He no more needed a palanquin to visit the Guru. | It is not certain how Buddhu Shah first became acquainted with [[Guru Gobind Singh]], but it is recorded that he called on him in 1685 at Paonta, on the bank of the Yamuna. While Guru Gobind Rai was staying at Paonta, the Pir was touring the hilly areas. The Pir came to know that Guru Gobind Rai, the tenth embodiment in the line of Guru Nanak, was staying at Paonta. He went to see the Guru, in a palanquin, as it was the fashion among kings and emperors of those times to move with royal pomp and show, in palanquins, with attendants and servants. After the first meeting it became routine for Pir Budhu Shah to visit the Guru. He no more needed a palanquin to visit the Guru. | ||
After meeting Guru Gobind Singh Peer Buddhu Shah was feeling to stay with guru sahib:<br> | |||
ਸਨਿ ਕਰ ਜੋਰਤਿ ਬਾਕ ਬਖਾਨੋ। ਸੱਯਦ ਜਾਤਿ ਦੇਹ ਕੀ ਜਾਨੋ।<br> | |||
ਸ਼ਹਿਰ ਸਢੌਰੇ ਮਹਿˆ ਘਰ ਅਹੈਂ। ਬੱਧੂ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਨਾਮ ਜਗ ਕਹੈ।<br> | |||
ਮਹਿਮਾ ਸਨੀ ਘਨੀ ਬਹ ਦਿਨ ਤੇ। ਚਹਤਿ ਮਿਲਨਿ ਕੋ ਪਰੀਤੀ ਮਨ ਤੇ।<br> | |||
ਅਬਿ ਹਜ਼ੂਰ ਕੇ ਮੇਲਨਿ ਕੀਨਿ। ਬਨਹਿ ਨ ਬਿਛਰਨਿ ਮੈਂ ਲਖਿ ਲੀਨਿ।<br> | |||
(Sri Gur partap Suraj Granth, ਰਿਤ 1 ਅੰਸੂ 49, ਪੰਨਾ 4686) | |||
The Guru | The audience with the Guru gave him the peace of mind which the study of religious books, prayers and meditation had not given. His mind was cleared of all doubts after exchange of views with the Guru. The difference of 'That is yours and this is mine' had disappeared from his mind. The Pir could see everything belongs to one God, when he left for Sidhaura. | ||
==Pray of unemployed Pathans== | |||
Once Peer Buddhu Shah was staying at sadhaura he was visited by 500 soldeirs of aurangzeb army which were fired(bec. they were shias) and ordered that noone would keep them in any army. They requested peer buddhu shah that they are disable now as they sold their everything for sake of food and the situation is that now they have to sell their weapons too. They wanted to enter in army of such man who did not scare of aurangzeb. Peer Buddhu Shah take the pathans to guru gobind singh. guru Sahib kept them in their army At his recommendation, the Guru engaged 500 Pathan soldiers under the command of four leaders, Kale Khan, Bhikham Khan, Nijabat Khan and Hayat Khan(Omar khan) which were paid rs. 5 and other were paid rs. 1. They all were trained under guru sahib. | |||
==Betrayed of Pathan Soldeirs== | |||
It appeared that their would be a battle between Guru and Hill Rulers as they were scare of guru ji and activities of guru sahib. With this the pathans which were recommended in guru's army started move back. They were leaving the army giving various excuses. Guru Sahib did not pressurised them and said them where they want to go they can. One Pathan Kale Khan did not leave guru sahib. Guru Sahib Wrote letter to Peer that the pathans send by him who were taking salaries now betrayed when need is there. | |||
==Battle of Bhangani== | |||
In 1688, when [[Guru Gobind Singh]] was attacked by a combined force of the hill chiefs led by Raja Fateh Shah of Srinagar (Garhwal), all the Pathans with the exception of Kale Khan deserted him and joined forces of the attacking hill chieftains. The Guru conveyed the news of the treachery to Pir Buddhu Shah, He came to realise that the Guru's fight was not for any kingdom but against the tyranny which was being perpetrated against the poor people. Religion was being used as an excuse to commit tyranny who immediately rushed to [[Battle of Bhangani|Bhangani]], the battlefield, | |||
'' | When Pir Budhu Shah came to know this disloyalty of the Pathans, he came to the Guru's aid with his seven hundred followers, four sons and two brothers. Many of the Pir's disciples as well as two of his sons, Ashraf and Muhammad Shah, and his brother, Bhure Shah, fell in the action. | ||
==After Battle== | ==After Battle== | ||
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==Aftermath== | ==Aftermath== | ||
[[Banda Singh Bahadur]] avenged the Pir's execution in 1709 by storming Sadhaura and killing 'Usman Khan. Pir Buddhu Shah's descendants migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Their ancestral house in Sadhaura has since been converted into a Gurdwara named after Pir Buddhu Shah. | [[Banda Singh Bahadur]] avenged the Pir's execution in 1709 by storming Sadhaura and killing 'Usman Khan. Pir Buddhu Shah's descendants migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Their ancestral house in Sadhaura has since been converted into a Gurdwara named after Pir Buddhu Shah. | ||
Acc. to Giani Gian Singh Panth Parkash(Page 370): | |||
''Jung Bhangani mein Guru keri, Budhu Shahi Shahi baheri<br> | |||
Is he het sandhore waaran, turkan karyo boora at karan<br> | |||
Molvian to fatwaa lai kae, budhu shah hateo dukh dae kae<br> | |||
Jab hawaal so bandae soneo, badla lewan het mann ganiyae''<br> | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
Revision as of 05:02, 3 May 2009
Peer Buddhu Shah (1647 - 1704), a Muslim divine whose real name was Badr ud Din, was an admirer an ally of Guru Gobind Singh.
Early Life
He was born on 13 June 1647 in a prosperous Sayyid family of Sadhaura, in the presentday Ambala district of Haryana. Because of his simplicity and silent nature during his early childhood he was given the nickname of Buddhu (lit. simpleton) which stuck to him permanently. He was married at the age of 18 to a pious lady, Nasirari who is better known as Bibi Naseera. She was the sister of Said Khan a highranking officer in the Mughal army. Peer Buddhu Shah had four Sons Sayyed Ashraf, Sayyed Muhomad Shah, Sayyed Muhomad Baksh, Sayyed Shah Hussain.
First Meeting With Guru Gobind Singh
It is not certain how Buddhu Shah first became acquainted with Guru Gobind Singh, but it is recorded that he called on him in 1685 at Paonta, on the bank of the Yamuna. While Guru Gobind Rai was staying at Paonta, the Pir was touring the hilly areas. The Pir came to know that Guru Gobind Rai, the tenth embodiment in the line of Guru Nanak, was staying at Paonta. He went to see the Guru, in a palanquin, as it was the fashion among kings and emperors of those times to move with royal pomp and show, in palanquins, with attendants and servants. After the first meeting it became routine for Pir Budhu Shah to visit the Guru. He no more needed a palanquin to visit the Guru.
After meeting Guru Gobind Singh Peer Buddhu Shah was feeling to stay with guru sahib:
ਸਨਿ ਕਰ ਜੋਰਤਿ ਬਾਕ ਬਖਾਨੋ। ਸੱਯਦ ਜਾਤਿ ਦੇਹ ਕੀ ਜਾਨੋ।
ਸ਼ਹਿਰ ਸਢੌਰੇ ਮਹਿˆ ਘਰ ਅਹੈਂ। ਬੱਧੂ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਨਾਮ ਜਗ ਕਹੈ।
ਮਹਿਮਾ ਸਨੀ ਘਨੀ ਬਹ ਦਿਨ ਤੇ। ਚਹਤਿ ਮਿਲਨਿ ਕੋ ਪਰੀਤੀ ਮਨ ਤੇ।
ਅਬਿ ਹਜ਼ੂਰ ਕੇ ਮੇਲਨਿ ਕੀਨਿ। ਬਨਹਿ ਨ ਬਿਛਰਨਿ ਮੈਂ ਲਖਿ ਲੀਨਿ।
(Sri Gur partap Suraj Granth, ਰਿਤ 1 ਅੰਸੂ 49, ਪੰਨਾ 4686)
The audience with the Guru gave him the peace of mind which the study of religious books, prayers and meditation had not given. His mind was cleared of all doubts after exchange of views with the Guru. The difference of 'That is yours and this is mine' had disappeared from his mind. The Pir could see everything belongs to one God, when he left for Sidhaura.
Pray of unemployed Pathans
Once Peer Buddhu Shah was staying at sadhaura he was visited by 500 soldeirs of aurangzeb army which were fired(bec. they were shias) and ordered that noone would keep them in any army. They requested peer buddhu shah that they are disable now as they sold their everything for sake of food and the situation is that now they have to sell their weapons too. They wanted to enter in army of such man who did not scare of aurangzeb. Peer Buddhu Shah take the pathans to guru gobind singh. guru Sahib kept them in their army At his recommendation, the Guru engaged 500 Pathan soldiers under the command of four leaders, Kale Khan, Bhikham Khan, Nijabat Khan and Hayat Khan(Omar khan) which were paid rs. 5 and other were paid rs. 1. They all were trained under guru sahib.
Betrayed of Pathan Soldeirs
It appeared that their would be a battle between Guru and Hill Rulers as they were scare of guru ji and activities of guru sahib. With this the pathans which were recommended in guru's army started move back. They were leaving the army giving various excuses. Guru Sahib did not pressurised them and said them where they want to go they can. One Pathan Kale Khan did not leave guru sahib. Guru Sahib Wrote letter to Peer that the pathans send by him who were taking salaries now betrayed when need is there.
Battle of Bhangani
In 1688, when Guru Gobind Singh was attacked by a combined force of the hill chiefs led by Raja Fateh Shah of Srinagar (Garhwal), all the Pathans with the exception of Kale Khan deserted him and joined forces of the attacking hill chieftains. The Guru conveyed the news of the treachery to Pir Buddhu Shah, He came to realise that the Guru's fight was not for any kingdom but against the tyranny which was being perpetrated against the poor people. Religion was being used as an excuse to commit tyranny who immediately rushed to Bhangani, the battlefield,
When Pir Budhu Shah came to know this disloyalty of the Pathans, he came to the Guru's aid with his seven hundred followers, four sons and two brothers. Many of the Pir's disciples as well as two of his sons, Ashraf and Muhammad Shah, and his brother, Bhure Shah, fell in the action.
After Battle
After the battle Guru Gobind Singh offered rich presents to the Pir which he politely declined to accept. However he, as the tradition goes, begged the Guru to bestow upon him the comb from his hair and the turban he was going to tie. The Guru gave him the two articles and a small kirpan or sword which the Pir and his descendants kept in the family as sacred heirlooms until Maharaja Bharpur Singh of Nabha (1840-63) acquired them in exchange for a jagir (a land grant/estate).
The personal items of Guru Gobind Singh that the Maharaja traded for the jagir are still preserved in the family's palace at Nabha (in the Punjab).
Death of Peer Buddhu Shah
The Rajput chiefs defeated at Bhangani remained hostile towards Guru Gobind Singh, and wished to evict him from Anandpur to where he had returned. To solicit help from the imperial government, they sent to the emperor reports describing the Guru as a dangerous rebel. Complaints also reached the authorities against Pir Buddhu Shah who had rendered assistance to the Guru. The Faujdar of Sirhind, under whose jurisdiction the parganah of Sadhaura then fell, directed a local official, 'Usman Khan, to chastise the Pir. The latter marched on Sadhaura, arrested Buddhu Shah and had him executed on 21 March 1704. so when sri Guru Gobind singh had to leave Anandpur Sahib the cruel Nawab of Sadhora prosecuted Peer Buddhu Shah.
Aftermath
Banda Singh Bahadur avenged the Pir's execution in 1709 by storming Sadhaura and killing 'Usman Khan. Pir Buddhu Shah's descendants migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Their ancestral house in Sadhaura has since been converted into a Gurdwara named after Pir Buddhu Shah.
Acc. to Giani Gian Singh Panth Parkash(Page 370):
Jung Bhangani mein Guru keri, Budhu Shahi Shahi baheri
Is he het sandhore waaran, turkan karyo boora at karan
Molvian to fatwaa lai kae, budhu shah hateo dukh dae kae
Jab hawaal so bandae soneo, badla lewan het mann ganiyae
See Also
References
- Suri, V.S., and Gurcharan Singh, Pir Buddhu Shah. Chandigarh, 1971
- Harbans Singh, Guru Gobind Singh. Chandigarh, 1966
- Macauliffe, Max Arthur, The Sikh Religion. Oxford, 1909
- Khushwant Singh, A History of the Sikhs, vol. I, Princeton, 1963
