Peer Buddhu Shah: Difference between revisions
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'''Peer Buddhu Shah''' (1647 - 1704), a [[Muslim]] divine whose real name was Badr ud Din, was an admirer an ally of [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. | '''Peer Buddhu Shah''' (1647 - 1704), a [[Muslim]] divine whose real name was Badr ud Din, was an admirer an ally of [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. | ||
At his recommendation, the Guru engaged 500 Pathan soldiers under the command of four leaders, | ==Early Life== | ||
He was born on 13 June 1647 in a prosperous [[Sayyid]] family of Sadhaura, in the presentday Ambala district of [[Haryana]]. Because of his simplicity and silent nature during his early childhood he was given the nickname of Buddhu (lit. simpleton) which stuck to him permanently. He was married at the age of 18 to a pious lady, Nasirari who is better known as [[Bibi Naseera]]. She was the sister of [[Said Khan]] a highranking officer in the Mughal army. | |||
==First Meeting With Guru Gobind Singh== | |||
It is not certain how Buddhu Shah first became acquainted with [[Guru Gobind Singh]], but it is recorded that he called on him in 1685 at Paonta, on the bank of the Yamuna. While Guru Gobind Rai was staying at Paonta, the Pir was touring the hilly areas. The Pir came to know that Guru Gobind Rai, the tenth embodiment in the line of Guru Nanak, was staying at Paonta. He went to see the Guru, in a palanquin, as it was the fashion among kings and emperors of those times to move with royal pomp and show, in palanquins, with attendants and servants. | |||
==Helping in Battle of Bhangani== | |||
At his recommendation, the Guru engaged 500 Pathan soldiers under the command of four leaders, Kale Khan, Bhikhan Khan, Nijabat Khan and Hayat Khan. In 1688, when [[Guru Gobind Singh]] was attacked by a combined force of the hill chiefs led by Raja Fateh Shah of Srinagar (Garhwal), all the Pathans with the exception of Kale Khan deserted him and joined forces of the attacking hill chieftains. The Guru conveyed the news of the treachery to Pir Buddhu Shah, who immediately rushed to [[Battle of Bhangani|Bhangani]], the battlefield, with 700 of his followers, including his brother and four sons. Many of the Pir's disciples as well as two of his sons, Ashraf and Muhammad Shah, and his brother, Bhure Shah, fell in the action. | |||
After the battle [[Guru Gobind Singh]] offered rich presents to the Pir which he politely declined to accept. However he, as the tradition goes, begged the [[Guru]] to bestow upon him the comb from his hair and the turban he was going to tie. The [[Guru]] gave him the two articles and a small kirpan or sword which the Pir and his descendants kept in the family as sacred heirlooms until Maharaja Bharpur Singh of Nabha (1840-63) acquired them in exchange for a jagir (a land grant/estate). | After the battle [[Guru Gobind Singh]] offered rich presents to the Pir which he politely declined to accept. However he, as the tradition goes, begged the [[Guru]] to bestow upon him the comb from his hair and the turban he was going to tie. The [[Guru]] gave him the two articles and a small kirpan or sword which the Pir and his descendants kept in the family as sacred heirlooms until Maharaja Bharpur Singh of Nabha (1840-63) acquired them in exchange for a jagir (a land grant/estate). | ||
The personal items of Guru Gobind Singh that | The personal items of Guru Gobind Singh that the Maharaja traded for the jagir are still preserved in the family's palace at Nabha (in the Punjab). | ||
==Death of Peer Buddhu Shah== | |||
The Rajput chiefs defeated at Bhangani remained hostile towards Guru Gobind Singh, and wished to evict him from Anandpur to where he had returned. To solicit help from the imperial government, they sent to the emperor reports describing the Guru as a dangerous rebel. Complaints also reached the authorities against Pir Buddhu Shah who had rendered assistance to the [[Guru]]. The Faujdar of Sirhind, under whose jurisdiction the parganah of Sadhaura then fell, directed a local official, 'Usman Khan, to chastise the Pir. The latter marched on Sadhaura, arrested Buddhu Shah and had him executed on 21 March 1704. | |||
==Aftermath== | |||
[[Banda Singh Bahadur]] avenged the Pir's execution in 1709 by storming Sadhaura and killing 'Usman Khan. Pir Buddhu Shah's descendants migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Their ancestral house in Sadhaura has since been converted into a Gurdwara named after Pir Buddhu Shah. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 04:31, 3 May 2009
Peer Buddhu Shah (1647 - 1704), a Muslim divine whose real name was Badr ud Din, was an admirer an ally of Guru Gobind Singh.
Early Life
He was born on 13 June 1647 in a prosperous Sayyid family of Sadhaura, in the presentday Ambala district of Haryana. Because of his simplicity and silent nature during his early childhood he was given the nickname of Buddhu (lit. simpleton) which stuck to him permanently. He was married at the age of 18 to a pious lady, Nasirari who is better known as Bibi Naseera. She was the sister of Said Khan a highranking officer in the Mughal army.
First Meeting With Guru Gobind Singh
It is not certain how Buddhu Shah first became acquainted with Guru Gobind Singh, but it is recorded that he called on him in 1685 at Paonta, on the bank of the Yamuna. While Guru Gobind Rai was staying at Paonta, the Pir was touring the hilly areas. The Pir came to know that Guru Gobind Rai, the tenth embodiment in the line of Guru Nanak, was staying at Paonta. He went to see the Guru, in a palanquin, as it was the fashion among kings and emperors of those times to move with royal pomp and show, in palanquins, with attendants and servants.
Helping in Battle of Bhangani
At his recommendation, the Guru engaged 500 Pathan soldiers under the command of four leaders, Kale Khan, Bhikhan Khan, Nijabat Khan and Hayat Khan. In 1688, when Guru Gobind Singh was attacked by a combined force of the hill chiefs led by Raja Fateh Shah of Srinagar (Garhwal), all the Pathans with the exception of Kale Khan deserted him and joined forces of the attacking hill chieftains. The Guru conveyed the news of the treachery to Pir Buddhu Shah, who immediately rushed to Bhangani, the battlefield, with 700 of his followers, including his brother and four sons. Many of the Pir's disciples as well as two of his sons, Ashraf and Muhammad Shah, and his brother, Bhure Shah, fell in the action.
After the battle Guru Gobind Singh offered rich presents to the Pir which he politely declined to accept. However he, as the tradition goes, begged the Guru to bestow upon him the comb from his hair and the turban he was going to tie. The Guru gave him the two articles and a small kirpan or sword which the Pir and his descendants kept in the family as sacred heirlooms until Maharaja Bharpur Singh of Nabha (1840-63) acquired them in exchange for a jagir (a land grant/estate).
The personal items of Guru Gobind Singh that the Maharaja traded for the jagir are still preserved in the family's palace at Nabha (in the Punjab).
Death of Peer Buddhu Shah
The Rajput chiefs defeated at Bhangani remained hostile towards Guru Gobind Singh, and wished to evict him from Anandpur to where he had returned. To solicit help from the imperial government, they sent to the emperor reports describing the Guru as a dangerous rebel. Complaints also reached the authorities against Pir Buddhu Shah who had rendered assistance to the Guru. The Faujdar of Sirhind, under whose jurisdiction the parganah of Sadhaura then fell, directed a local official, 'Usman Khan, to chastise the Pir. The latter marched on Sadhaura, arrested Buddhu Shah and had him executed on 21 March 1704.
Aftermath
Banda Singh Bahadur avenged the Pir's execution in 1709 by storming Sadhaura and killing 'Usman Khan. Pir Buddhu Shah's descendants migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Their ancestral house in Sadhaura has since been converted into a Gurdwara named after Pir Buddhu Shah.
References
1. Suri, V.S., and Gurcharan Singh, Pir Buddhu Shah. Chandigarh, 1971
2. Harbans Singh, Guru Gobind Singh. Chandigarh, 1966
3. Macauliffe, Max Arthur, The Sikh Religion. Oxford, 1909
4. Khushwant Singh, A History of the Sikhs, vol. I, Princeton, 1963
