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'''Peer Buddhu Shah'''(1647 - 1704), a [[Muslim]] divine whose real name was Badr | '''Peer Buddhu Shah''' (1647-1704), a [[Muslim]] divine, whose real name was Badr udDin and who was an admirer of [[Guru Gobind Singh]], was born on 13 June 1647 in a prosperous [[Sayyid]] family of Sadhaura, in presentday Ambala district of [[Haryana]]. Because of his simplicity and silent nature during his early childhood he was given the nickname of Buddhu (lit. simpleton) which stuck to him permanently. He was married at the age of 18 to a pious lady, Nasirari aka [[Bibi Naseera]], who was the sister of [[Said Khan]], later a highranking officer in the Mughal army. | ||
The Rajput chiefs | It is not certain how Buddhu Shah first became acquainted with [[Guru Gobind Singh]], but it is recorded that he called on him in 1685 at Paonta, on the bank of the Yamuna. At his recommendation, the Guru engaged 500 Pathan soldiers under the command of four leaders, Kale Khan, Bhikhan Khan, Nijabat Khan and Hayat Khan. In 1688, when [[Guru Gobind Singh]] was attacked by a combined force of the hill chiefs led by Raja Fateh Shah of Srinagar (Garhval), all the Pathans, hired by the Sikh Guru with the exception of Kale Khan, deserted Guru Gobind Singh and joined his attackers. | ||
The Guru conveyed the news of their treachery to Pir Buddhu Shah, who immediately rushed to Bharigani, the battlefield, with 700 of his followers including his brother and four sons. Many of the Pir's disciples as well as two of his sons, Ashraf and Muhammad Shah, and his brother, Bhure Shah, fell during the battle. Afterwards [[Guru Gobind Singh]] offered rich presents to the Pir which the latter politely declined to accept. However he, as the tradition goes, begged the [[Guru]] to bestow upon him the comb from his hair and the turban he was going to tie. | |||
The [[Guru]] gave him the two articles and a small kirpan (sword) which the Pir and his descendants kept in the family as sacred heirlooms until Maharaja Bharpur Singh of Nabha (1840-63) acquired them in exchange for a jagir (a grant of profit producing land). The relics are still preserved in the family's palace at Nabha (in the Punjab). | |||
The Battle of Bharigani was the first for the young Guru who had been taking a sojurn of sorts, at the invitation of Raja Medini Prakash of -------, from Anandpur and the intrigues of Raja Bhim Chand. That is if you can call hunting, training his Khalsa Forces, building the fort at Paona Sahib and doing a great deal of writing on his Dasam Granth taking a sojurn. After a little more than three years of absense from Anandpur and his first victory in battle he returned the city which his father Guru Tejh Bahadur had built on land purchased from one of the hill Rajas. | |||
The Rajput defeated chiefs remained hostile towards Guru Gobind Singh, and increased their efforts to evict him from Anandpur. To solicit help from the imperial government, the hostile Rajas sent reports to the emperor describing the Guru as a dangerous rebel. Complaints also reached the authorities against Pir Buddhu Shah who had rendered assistance to the [[Guru]]. The Faujdar of Sirhind, under whose jurisdiction the parganah of Sadhaura then fell, directed a local official, 'Usman Khan, to chastise the Pir. Marching on Sadhaura he arrested Buddhu Shah and had him executed on 21 March 1704. | |||
Banda Singh Bahadur avenged the Pir's execution in 1709 by storming Sadhaura and killing 'Usman Khan. Pir Buddhu Shah's descendants migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Their ancestral house in Sadhaura has since been converted into a gurdwara named after Pir Buddhu Shah. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:50, 22 December 2007
Peer Buddhu Shah (1647-1704), a Muslim divine, whose real name was Badr udDin and who was an admirer of Guru Gobind Singh, was born on 13 June 1647 in a prosperous Sayyid family of Sadhaura, in presentday Ambala district of Haryana. Because of his simplicity and silent nature during his early childhood he was given the nickname of Buddhu (lit. simpleton) which stuck to him permanently. He was married at the age of 18 to a pious lady, Nasirari aka Bibi Naseera, who was the sister of Said Khan, later a highranking officer in the Mughal army.
It is not certain how Buddhu Shah first became acquainted with Guru Gobind Singh, but it is recorded that he called on him in 1685 at Paonta, on the bank of the Yamuna. At his recommendation, the Guru engaged 500 Pathan soldiers under the command of four leaders, Kale Khan, Bhikhan Khan, Nijabat Khan and Hayat Khan. In 1688, when Guru Gobind Singh was attacked by a combined force of the hill chiefs led by Raja Fateh Shah of Srinagar (Garhval), all the Pathans, hired by the Sikh Guru with the exception of Kale Khan, deserted Guru Gobind Singh and joined his attackers.
The Guru conveyed the news of their treachery to Pir Buddhu Shah, who immediately rushed to Bharigani, the battlefield, with 700 of his followers including his brother and four sons. Many of the Pir's disciples as well as two of his sons, Ashraf and Muhammad Shah, and his brother, Bhure Shah, fell during the battle. Afterwards Guru Gobind Singh offered rich presents to the Pir which the latter politely declined to accept. However he, as the tradition goes, begged the Guru to bestow upon him the comb from his hair and the turban he was going to tie.
The Guru gave him the two articles and a small kirpan (sword) which the Pir and his descendants kept in the family as sacred heirlooms until Maharaja Bharpur Singh of Nabha (1840-63) acquired them in exchange for a jagir (a grant of profit producing land). The relics are still preserved in the family's palace at Nabha (in the Punjab).
The Battle of Bharigani was the first for the young Guru who had been taking a sojurn of sorts, at the invitation of Raja Medini Prakash of -------, from Anandpur and the intrigues of Raja Bhim Chand. That is if you can call hunting, training his Khalsa Forces, building the fort at Paona Sahib and doing a great deal of writing on his Dasam Granth taking a sojurn. After a little more than three years of absense from Anandpur and his first victory in battle he returned the city which his father Guru Tejh Bahadur had built on land purchased from one of the hill Rajas.
The Rajput defeated chiefs remained hostile towards Guru Gobind Singh, and increased their efforts to evict him from Anandpur. To solicit help from the imperial government, the hostile Rajas sent reports to the emperor describing the Guru as a dangerous rebel. Complaints also reached the authorities against Pir Buddhu Shah who had rendered assistance to the Guru. The Faujdar of Sirhind, under whose jurisdiction the parganah of Sadhaura then fell, directed a local official, 'Usman Khan, to chastise the Pir. Marching on Sadhaura he arrested Buddhu Shah and had him executed on 21 March 1704.
Banda Singh Bahadur avenged the Pir's execution in 1709 by storming Sadhaura and killing 'Usman Khan. Pir Buddhu Shah's descendants migrated to Pakistan in 1947. Their ancestral house in Sadhaura has since been converted into a gurdwara named after Pir Buddhu Shah.
References
1. Suri, V.S., and Gurcharan Singh, Pir Buddhu Shah. Chandigarh, 1971
2. Harbans Singh, Guru Gobind Singh. Chandigarh, 1966
3. Macauliffe, Max Arthur, The Sikh Religion. Oxford, 1909
4. Khushwant Singh, A History of the Sikhs, vol. I, Princeton, 1963
