Criticism of Banda Singh Bahadur: Difference between revisions
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The article is based on Historical facts from several recognised Sikh sources. | The article is based on Historical facts from several recognised Sikh sources. | ||
[[Banda Singh Bahadur]], is recognised by most Sikhs as a well respect and eminent personality in Sikh history. However, what is less known is the fact that after | [[Banda Singh Bahadur]], is recognised by most Sikhs as a well respect and eminent personality in Sikh history. However, what is less known is the fact that after 1715, he turned into a rebel and acted contrary to the orders given to him by [[Guru Gobind Singh]] in [[1708]] at [[Nanded]]. This fact is supported by most historical books of Sikh history. The main article on Banda Singh Bahadur shows the step that he took as revenge for the [[Martyrdom of the young sahibzadas]] from subedar of Sirhind but there is another side to his personality which is not told about him. | ||
Although he was already a fake bairagi, was not following Bairag Panth and made a dera, [[Guru Gobind Singh]] converted him and sent him along with five Khalsa Singhs to Punjab in about September 1708. However, he indulge in unnecessary occupying of places, killing muslims unnecessarily, kept his Gaddi, changes salutation and fixed many rules against Khalsa rites. Due to these practises, the Singhs loyal to Guru Gobind Singh kept their distance from Banda Singh Bahadur and Bandai Sikhs. These Singhs were named [[Tatt Khalsa]]. | Although he was already a fake bairagi, was not following Bairag Panth and made a dera, [[Guru Gobind Singh]] converted him and sent him along with five Khalsa Singhs to Punjab in about September 1708. However, he indulge in unnecessary occupying of places, killing muslims unnecessarily, kept his Gaddi, changes salutation and fixed many rules against Khalsa rites. Due to these practises, the Singhs loyal to Guru Gobind Singh kept their distance from Banda Singh Bahadur and Bandai Sikhs. These Singhs were named [[Tatt Khalsa]]. | ||
==Gurbilas Patshahi 10 | ==Points of Contention== | ||
Gurbilas Patshahi 10 | There are various reasons due to which Banda Bahadur is criticized. Following are some points: | ||
#Creation of his own Panth called [[Bandai Khalsa]] parallel to Khalsa and declared himself Guru, | |||
#Modified Khalsa rites and code of conduct, | |||
#Unnecessary self willed battles and killing of innocent Muslims | |||
#Abusive and rude letter to [[Mata Sundri]], | |||
#Womanizer and sexual relationship with prostitutes termed a Bujjer Kurahit and | |||
#Surrendered to Mughal army with 700 personnel, considered as coward act in history of Khalsa. | |||
All early Sikh historical resources including later scholars like Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha, Giani Gian Singh, Historian Karam Singh etc. mentioned these facts. Nihang Ratan Singh Bhangu gave a detailed criticism of Banda Bahadur. Early historians like Koer Singh Kalal, Sarup Dass Bhalla, Kavi Seva Singh also few of accept above facts. | |||
==Historical Sources== | |||
===Gurbilas Patshahi 10 (1751)=== | |||
Gurbilas Patshahi 10 is the first recorded Sikh history which mentioned details about Guru Gobind Singh's life completed by '''Bhai Koer Singh Khalsa''' in 1751. The author mentioned in brief regarding breaching code of conduct of Khalsa by Banda Bahadur in Egotism. Below are lines taken from this Manuscript regarding mentioned subject: | |||
{{Quotation|<center><big><br>ਤਬ ਬੰਦਾ ਗੁਰ ਆਈਸ ਪਾਏ॥ ਪਾਛੇ ਕਰੇ ਯੁਧ ਮਨਿ ਭਾਏ ॥<br> | {{Quotation|<center><big><br>ਤਬ ਬੰਦਾ ਗੁਰ ਆਈਸ ਪਾਏ॥ ਪਾਛੇ ਕਰੇ ਯੁਧ ਮਨਿ ਭਾਏ ॥<br> | ||
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Gur does not help egoistic and he left his holy abode in egotism </big></center>|(Banda Bahadur, Gurbilas Patshahi 10, Bhai Koer Singh Kalal}} | Gur does not help egoistic and he left his holy abode in egotism </big></center>|(Banda Bahadur, Gurbilas Patshahi 10, Bhai Koer Singh Kalal}} | ||
==Mahima Parkash(1776)== | ===Mahima Parkash (1776)=== | ||
Mahima Parkash was written by Sarup Das Bhalla in 1776, which mentioned whole incident of Gurdas Nangal, where Banda Bahadur made comments against Guru's wishes. Facts against Banda Singh Bahadur is: | Mahima Parkash was written by Sarup Das Bhalla in 1776, which mentioned whole incident of Gurdas Nangal, where Banda Bahadur made comments against Guru's wishes. Facts against Banda Singh Bahadur is: | ||
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Baba Binod Singh spoke against him and a clash happened inside fort. Baba Binod Singh and other left the fort and Banda Bahadur surrendered later on. He even confessed at Delhi that "ਕਿਸੀ ਕੀ ਕਿਆ ਮਕਦੂਰ ਥਾ ਜੋ ਮੁਝ ਕੋ ਮਾਰਤਾ॥ ਪਰ ਸਤਗੁਰ ਕੀ ਆਗਿਆ ਮੇਰੇ ਸੇ ਭੰਗ ਹੁਈ ਹੈ ॥". [[Mata Sundri]], who was already in Delhi fetched out Baba Kahn Singh from the prisoner group. | Baba Binod Singh spoke against him and a clash happened inside fort. Baba Binod Singh and other left the fort and Banda Bahadur surrendered later on. He even confessed at Delhi that "ਕਿਸੀ ਕੀ ਕਿਆ ਮਕਦੂਰ ਥਾ ਜੋ ਮੁਝ ਕੋ ਮਾਰਤਾ॥ ਪਰ ਸਤਗੁਰ ਕੀ ਆਗਿਆ ਮੇਰੇ ਸੇ ਭੰਗ ਹੁਈ ਹੈ ॥". [[Mata Sundri]], who was already in Delhi fetched out Baba Kahn Singh from the prisoner group. | ||
==Shahid Bilas Bhai Mani Singh(Late 18th Century)== | ===Shahid Bilas Bhai Mani Singh (Late 18th Century)=== | ||
In a composition by Kavi Seva Singh, he mentioned a discourse between [[Guru Gobind Singh]] and [[Bhai Mani Singh]]. In this section are includes lines against Banda Singh Bahadur which reiterate the fact that he [Banda Singh] is not 11th Guru but the holy Granth was 11th Guru of Sikhs. | In a composition by Kavi Seva Singh, he mentioned a discourse between [[Guru Gobind Singh]] and [[Bhai Mani Singh]]. In this section are includes lines against Banda Singh Bahadur which reiterate the fact that he [Banda Singh] is not 11th Guru but the holy Granth was 11th Guru of Sikhs. | ||
<big><center> | |||
<div align="center" style='width:600px;background-color:white;border:1px solid blue;padding:2px 2px 2px 2px;color:black'> | |||
ਨੀਲਾ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਾਇਆ, ਅੰਬਰ ਪਹਿਨਣਾ ॥<br> | |||
ਸੂਹਾ ਅੰਗ ਲਗਾਇਆ, ਏਹਦੇ ਸੇਵਕਾ ॥<br> | ਸੂਹਾ ਅੰਗ ਲਗਾਇਆ, ਏਹਦੇ ਸੇਵਕਾ ॥<br> | ||
ਮਾਸ ਮੱਛੀ ਨਹਿ ਖਾਣ, ਬਣ ਗਏ ਵੈਸਨੋ ॥<br> | ਮਾਸ ਮੱਛੀ ਨਹਿ ਖਾਣ, ਬਣ ਗਏ ਵੈਸਨੋ ॥<br> | ||
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ਜਿਸ ਕੀ ਤਰੈ ਉਹ ਜਾਨੋ ਸਾਚਾ। ਡੂਬੇ ਜਹਿ ਕੀ ਉਹ ਜਾਨੋ ਕਾਚਾ ॥<br> | ਜਿਸ ਕੀ ਤਰੈ ਉਹ ਜਾਨੋ ਸਾਚਾ। ਡੂਬੇ ਜਹਿ ਕੀ ਉਹ ਜਾਨੋ ਕਾਚਾ ॥<br> | ||
ਡੂਬ ਗਈ ਬੰਦਈਅਨ ਕੇਰੀ। ਤਰੀ ਨਿਹੰਗਨ ਕੀ ਸਬ ਹੇਰੀ ॥<br> | ਡੂਬ ਗਈ ਬੰਦਈਅਨ ਕੇਰੀ। ਤਰੀ ਨਿਹੰਗਨ ਕੀ ਸਬ ਹੇਰੀ ॥<br> | ||
ਸੇਵਾ ਹਰੀ ਕਰੈ ਅਰਦਾਸ। ਹੇ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਮੈਂ ਤੇਰਾ ਦਾਸ ॥੧੪੬॥<br> | ਸੇਵਾ ਹਰੀ ਕਰੈ ਅਰਦਾਸ। ਹੇ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਮੈਂ ਤੇਰਾ ਦਾਸ ॥੧੪੬॥<br>('''Line ੧੪੬, ਸਹੀਦ ਬਿਲਾਸ ਭਾਈ ਮਨੀ ਸਿੰਘ, Kavi Sewa Singh Bhatt''') | ||
</div> | |||
</center> | |||
</big> | |||
== | ===Sketch of Sikhs (1812)=== | ||
[[File:John_malcolm.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Sir John Malcolm]] | [[File:John_malcolm.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Sir John Malcolm]] | ||
'' | Among several valuable works [[John Malcolm]] completed Sketch of Sikhs in 1812 and mentioned about Banda Bahadur in his writing here under:<br><br> | ||
''Though the Sikhs, from being animated by a similar feeling, and encouraged by his first successes, followed Banda to the field, they do not revere his memory; and he is termed, by some of their authors, a heretic ; who, intoxicated with victory, endeavoured to change the religious institutions and laws of Guru G6vind, many of whose most devoted followers this fierce chief put to death, because they refused | |||
to depart from those usages which that revered spiritual leader had taught them to consider sacred. Among other changes, Banda wished to make the Sikhs abandon their blue dress, to refrain from drinking and eating flesh ; and, instead of exclaiming WaheGuruji ki Futteh ! Waheguru ji ka Khalsaji ki Futteh ! the salutations directed by Govind, he directed them to exclaim, Futteh fully propagated his doctrine.'' <ref>Page 83, Sketch of Sikhs, John Malcolm. [https://archive.org/stream/sketchofsikhssin00malcrich/sketchofsikhssin00malcrich_djvu.txt Sektch of Sikhs, Read Online]</ref><br> | |||
==Prachin Panth Prakash | Malcolm directed same fact that Banda Bahadur breach panthic salutations and formed new code of conduct. | ||
===Prachin Panth Prakash (1841)=== | |||
Prachin Panth prakash was completed by [[Ratan Singh Bhangu|Nihang Ratan Singh Bhangu]] in 1841 is considered as most important resource mentioned detailed information of Banda Bahadur.<ref>thesikhencyclopedia DOT com/scriptures/nineteenth-century-literature/prachin-panth-prakash Sikh Encyclopedia on Prachin Panth Prakash</ref> He mentioned that Banda Bahadur created his panth parallel to Khalsa Panth and made his own code of conduct. He criticized on varoious points including Banda being a Womanizer, Egoistic, deserter and coward attitude of Banda Bahadur.<ref>Prachin Panth Prakash, Rattan Singh Bhangu</ref> | Prachin Panth prakash was completed by [[Ratan Singh Bhangu|Nihang Ratan Singh Bhangu]] in 1841 is considered as most important resource mentioned detailed information of Banda Bahadur.<ref>thesikhencyclopedia DOT com/scriptures/nineteenth-century-literature/prachin-panth-prakash Sikh Encyclopedia on Prachin Panth Prakash</ref> He mentioned that Banda Bahadur created his panth parallel to Khalsa Panth and made his own code of conduct. He criticized on varoious points including Banda being a Womanizer, Egoistic, deserter and coward attitude of Banda Bahadur.<ref>Prachin Panth Prakash, Rattan Singh Bhangu</ref> | ||
==Kahn Singh Nabha, Mahankosh== | ===Kahn Singh Nabha, Mahankosh=== | ||
[[File:Kahnsinghnabha.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Kahn Singh Nabha]] | [[File:Kahnsinghnabha.jpg|thumb|right|120px|Kahn Singh Nabha]] | ||
Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha, a great scholar and lexicographer mentioned in Mahankosh : | Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha, a great scholar and lexicographer mentioned in Mahankosh : | ||
Line 66: | Line 88: | ||
* He preached code of conduct against Gurmat leads to division of Khalsa Panth. | * He preached code of conduct against Gurmat leads to division of Khalsa Panth. | ||
==Twarikh Guru Khalsa== | ===Twarikh Guru Khalsa=== | ||
Giani Gian Singh mentioned in detail in Twarikh Guru Khalsa that he tried to establish himself as a Guru in later stages. | Giani Gian Singh mentioned in detail in Twarikh Guru Khalsa that he tried to establish himself as a Guru in later stages. | ||
''....ਗੁਰੂ ਕੇ ਸਿੰਘ ਤਾਂ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਹੀ ਬੰਦੇ ਤੋਂ ਜੁਦਾ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਸਨ , ਕਿਓਂਕਿ ਓਹ ਸਿੰਘਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਰਬਾਰ ਵਿਚ ਤੇ ਗੁਰੂ ਅਸਥਾਨਾ ਵਿਚ ਗਦੇਲਾ ਵਿਚ ਕੇ ਬੈਠ ਕਰ ਚੋਰ ਸਫਾ ਕਰਾਉਂਦਾ ਤੇ ਦਰਸ਼ਨੀ ਫ਼ਤਹਿ ਬੁਲਾਉਂਦਾ ਸੀ |....'' | ''....ਗੁਰੂ ਕੇ ਸਿੰਘ ਤਾਂ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਹੀ ਬੰਦੇ ਤੋਂ ਜੁਦਾ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਸਨ , ਕਿਓਂਕਿ ਓਹ ਸਿੰਘਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਰਬਾਰ ਵਿਚ ਤੇ ਗੁਰੂ ਅਸਥਾਨਾ ਵਿਚ ਗਦੇਲਾ ਵਿਚ ਕੇ ਬੈਠ ਕਰ ਚੋਰ ਸਫਾ ਕਰਾਉਂਦਾ ਤੇ ਦਰਸ਼ਨੀ ਫ਼ਤਹਿ ਬੁਲਾਉਂਦਾ ਸੀ |....'' | ||
==Banda Singh Bahadur, Giani Kartar Singh== | ===Banda Singh Bahadur, Giani Kartar Singh=== | ||
In 1914, Bhai Kartar Singh | In 1914, Bhai Kartar Singh had written a book on life account of Banda Singh Bahadur, in which he mentioned that [[Mata Sundri]] clearly instructed Khalsa in form of letter to not follow Banda Bahadur's commands. Khalsa assured her that they will not accompany Banda Bahadur anymore. | ||
It is mentioned that Banda Bahadur got angry after hearing and reading this letter from Mata Sundri. Banda Bahadur replied to Mata Sundri that he had fulfilled his promise of helping in punishing [[Wazir Khan]] and now ownwards he is not bound to follow Khalsa and Guru Gobind Singh wordings. In letter, Banda Bahdur abused and written rude to Mata Sundri calling her a Dumb woman. | |||
==Bharat Mat Darpan, 1926== | ===Bharat Mat Darpan, 1926=== | ||
By Pandit Ganesha Singh Nirmala, he wrote that: | By Pandit Ganesha Singh Nirmala, he wrote that: | ||
‘They initiate through ‘Charna Amrit’, keep ‘Janju’ (Hindu caste string signifying Brahmin lineage), wear white clothes, black or green clothes they never wear, they wear breaches coming below knee. On meeting they say, ‘Darshan Ji Ka Khalsa Darshan Ji Ki Fateh’. At the end of their name they either have title of Singh or Das.’ | ‘They initiate through ‘Charna Amrit’, keep ‘Janju’ (Hindu caste string signifying Brahmin lineage), wear white clothes, black or green clothes they never wear, they wear breaches coming below knee. On meeting they say, ‘Darshan Ji Ka Khalsa Darshan Ji Ki Fateh’. At the end of their name they either have title of Singh or Das.’ | ||
==Historian Karam Singh== | ===Historian Karam Singh=== | ||
==Buddha Dal - Nihung Jathebandi== | ===Buddha Dal - Nihung Jathebandi=== | ||
Buddha Dal, the confederated army of the Sikhs, also says that Banda Singh Bahadur was a rebel. | Buddha Dal, the confederated army of the Sikhs, also says that Banda Singh Bahadur was a rebel. | ||
* Banda was overwhelmed with false pride and became arrogant. | * Banda was overwhelmed with false pride and became arrogant. | ||
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Recently, Nihung Dharam Singh of Buddha Dal openly said in a video that Banda Bahadur was a apostate and Khalsa should not regard Banda Bahadur and celebrate any Festivals related to him as he gone against Khalsa, Mata Sundri and Guru Gobind Singh. | Recently, Nihung Dharam Singh of Buddha Dal openly said in a video that Banda Bahadur was a apostate and Khalsa should not regard Banda Bahadur and celebrate any Festivals related to him as he gone against Khalsa, Mata Sundri and Guru Gobind Singh. | ||
==Questions By Bandai Khalsa== | ===Questions By Bandai Khalsa=== | ||
==See also== | ==See also== |
Latest revision as of 18:34, 26 August 2014
The article is based on Historical facts from several recognised Sikh sources.
Banda Singh Bahadur, is recognised by most Sikhs as a well respect and eminent personality in Sikh history. However, what is less known is the fact that after 1715, he turned into a rebel and acted contrary to the orders given to him by Guru Gobind Singh in 1708 at Nanded. This fact is supported by most historical books of Sikh history. The main article on Banda Singh Bahadur shows the step that he took as revenge for the Martyrdom of the young sahibzadas from subedar of Sirhind but there is another side to his personality which is not told about him.
Although he was already a fake bairagi, was not following Bairag Panth and made a dera, Guru Gobind Singh converted him and sent him along with five Khalsa Singhs to Punjab in about September 1708. However, he indulge in unnecessary occupying of places, killing muslims unnecessarily, kept his Gaddi, changes salutation and fixed many rules against Khalsa rites. Due to these practises, the Singhs loyal to Guru Gobind Singh kept their distance from Banda Singh Bahadur and Bandai Sikhs. These Singhs were named Tatt Khalsa.
Points of Contention
There are various reasons due to which Banda Bahadur is criticized. Following are some points:
- Creation of his own Panth called Bandai Khalsa parallel to Khalsa and declared himself Guru,
- Modified Khalsa rites and code of conduct,
- Unnecessary self willed battles and killing of innocent Muslims
- Abusive and rude letter to Mata Sundri,
- Womanizer and sexual relationship with prostitutes termed a Bujjer Kurahit and
- Surrendered to Mughal army with 700 personnel, considered as coward act in history of Khalsa.
All early Sikh historical resources including later scholars like Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha, Giani Gian Singh, Historian Karam Singh etc. mentioned these facts. Nihang Ratan Singh Bhangu gave a detailed criticism of Banda Bahadur. Early historians like Koer Singh Kalal, Sarup Dass Bhalla, Kavi Seva Singh also few of accept above facts.
Historical Sources
Gurbilas Patshahi 10 (1751)
Gurbilas Patshahi 10 is the first recorded Sikh history which mentioned details about Guru Gobind Singh's life completed by Bhai Koer Singh Khalsa in 1751. The author mentioned in brief regarding breaching code of conduct of Khalsa by Banda Bahadur in Egotism. Below are lines taken from this Manuscript regarding mentioned subject:
ਤਬ ਬੰਦਾ ਗੁਰ ਆਈਸ ਪਾਏ॥ ਪਾਛੇ ਕਰੇ ਯੁਧ ਮਨਿ ਭਾਏ ॥
Then Banda came to feet of Gur(Gobind Singh), who later on had skirmishes of his own will (when sent to punjab)
Gur does not help egoistic and he left his holy abode in egotism
ਕਛੁਕ ਮਾਨ ਭਇਓ ਤਾ ਮਨ ਮਾਹੀਂ ॥ ਰਹਿਤ ਭੰਗ ਕਛੁ ਕਰੀ ਤਹਾ ਹੀ ॥
He got ego in his mind and breached code of conducts thereafter
ਅਹੰਕਾਰ ਤੇ ਗੁਰ ਨਾ ਸਹਾਈ ॥ ਤਾ ਕਰ ਗਇਓ ਸੁਰਗ ਕੋ ਧਾਈ ॥
-(Banda Bahadur, Gurbilas Patshahi 10, Bhai Koer Singh Kalal
Mahima Parkash (1776)
Mahima Parkash was written by Sarup Das Bhalla in 1776, which mentioned whole incident of Gurdas Nangal, where Banda Bahadur made comments against Guru's wishes. Facts against Banda Singh Bahadur is:
- He himself committed at Delhi that he have't followed the saying of Guru Gobind Singh.
- He turned womanizer, more over he was interested marrying again and again.
- He stood against Khalsa and tried to pretend himself biggest of them.
- He surrendered.
Baba Binod Singh spoke against him and a clash happened inside fort. Baba Binod Singh and other left the fort and Banda Bahadur surrendered later on. He even confessed at Delhi that "ਕਿਸੀ ਕੀ ਕਿਆ ਮਕਦੂਰ ਥਾ ਜੋ ਮੁਝ ਕੋ ਮਾਰਤਾ॥ ਪਰ ਸਤਗੁਰ ਕੀ ਆਗਿਆ ਮੇਰੇ ਸੇ ਭੰਗ ਹੁਈ ਹੈ ॥". Mata Sundri, who was already in Delhi fetched out Baba Kahn Singh from the prisoner group.
Shahid Bilas Bhai Mani Singh (Late 18th Century)
In a composition by Kavi Seva Singh, he mentioned a discourse between Guru Gobind Singh and Bhai Mani Singh. In this section are includes lines against Banda Singh Bahadur which reiterate the fact that he [Banda Singh] is not 11th Guru but the holy Granth was 11th Guru of Sikhs.
ਨੀਲਾ ਬੰਦ ਕਰਾਇਆ, ਅੰਬਰ ਪਹਿਨਣਾ ॥
ਸੂਹਾ ਅੰਗ ਲਗਾਇਆ, ਏਹਦੇ ਸੇਵਕਾ ॥
ਮਾਸ ਮੱਛੀ ਨਹਿ ਖਾਣ, ਬਣ ਗਏ ਵੈਸਨੋ ॥
ਪਯਾ ਵਿਖਾਂਧ ਸੀ ਆਣ, ਮਧ ਇਮ ਖਾਲਸੇ ॥
ਮਾਤ ਸੁੰਦਰੀ ਲਿਖਾ ਸੋਚ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਇਹ ॥
ਦੋਹਾਂ ਦਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਮੇਲ, ਕਰਨ ਕਰਾਨ ਲਈ ॥
ਸੇਵਾ ਹਰੀ ਸੀ ਪਾਤੀ ਬਾਚੀ ਖੋਲ ਕੇ ॥
ਮਨੀ ਸਿੰਘ ਮਿਕਾਏ ਝਗੜਾ ਦੋਹਾਂ ਕਾ ॥੧੪੩॥
ਦੋਹਰਾ॥
ਅਮਰ ਸਿੰਘੀਏ ਆਖਦੇ, ਦਸਮ ਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਆਪ ॥
ਬੰਦਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਕੋ ਗਿਆਰਮਾਂ, ਗੁਰੂ ਗਏ ਸੀ ਥਾਪ ॥੧੪੪॥
ਅਕਾਲ ਪੁਰਖੀਆ ਇਉਂ ਕਹਿਆ, ਸ੍ਰੀ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਫਰਮਾਨ ॥
ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਪੰਥ ਗੁਰ ਮਾਨੀਯੇ, ਤਾਰੈ ਸਕਲ ਕੁਲਾਨ ॥੧੪੫॥
ਚੋਪਈ॥
ਮਨੀ ਸਿੰਘ ਜਬ ਦੇਖਣੋ ਆਈ। ਝਗੜਾ ਬਹੁਤ ਵਧਤ ਹੈ ਜਾਈ ॥
ਤਬ ਤਿਨ ਦੋਨੋਂ ਕੋ ਸਮਝਾਇ। ਪਤੀਆ ਲਿਖ ਦੀ ਤਾਲ ਸੁਟਾਇ ॥
ਜਿਸ ਕੀ ਤਰੈ ਉਹ ਜਾਨੋ ਸਾਚਾ। ਡੂਬੇ ਜਹਿ ਕੀ ਉਹ ਜਾਨੋ ਕਾਚਾ ॥
ਡੂਬ ਗਈ ਬੰਦਈਅਨ ਕੇਰੀ। ਤਰੀ ਨਿਹੰਗਨ ਕੀ ਸਬ ਹੇਰੀ ॥
ਸੇਵਾ ਹਰੀ ਕਰੈ ਅਰਦਾਸ। ਹੇ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਮੈਂ ਤੇਰਾ ਦਾਸ ॥੧੪੬॥
(Line ੧੪੬, ਸਹੀਦ ਬਿਲਾਸ ਭਾਈ ਮਨੀ ਸਿੰਘ, Kavi Sewa Singh Bhatt)
Sketch of Sikhs (1812)
Among several valuable works John Malcolm completed Sketch of Sikhs in 1812 and mentioned about Banda Bahadur in his writing here under:
Though the Sikhs, from being animated by a similar feeling, and encouraged by his first successes, followed Banda to the field, they do not revere his memory; and he is termed, by some of their authors, a heretic ; who, intoxicated with victory, endeavoured to change the religious institutions and laws of Guru G6vind, many of whose most devoted followers this fierce chief put to death, because they refused
to depart from those usages which that revered spiritual leader had taught them to consider sacred. Among other changes, Banda wished to make the Sikhs abandon their blue dress, to refrain from drinking and eating flesh ; and, instead of exclaiming WaheGuruji ki Futteh ! Waheguru ji ka Khalsaji ki Futteh ! the salutations directed by Govind, he directed them to exclaim, Futteh fully propagated his doctrine. [1]
Malcolm directed same fact that Banda Bahadur breach panthic salutations and formed new code of conduct.
Prachin Panth Prakash (1841)
Prachin Panth prakash was completed by Nihang Ratan Singh Bhangu in 1841 is considered as most important resource mentioned detailed information of Banda Bahadur.[2] He mentioned that Banda Bahadur created his panth parallel to Khalsa Panth and made his own code of conduct. He criticized on varoious points including Banda being a Womanizer, Egoistic, deserter and coward attitude of Banda Bahadur.[3]
Kahn Singh Nabha, Mahankosh
Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha, a great scholar and lexicographer mentioned in Mahankosh :
.....ਪਰਭੁਤਾ ਵਧ ਜਾਨ ਪਰ ਬੰਦਾ ਬਹਾਦੁਰ ਨੂੰ ਕੁਝ ਗਰਬ ਹੋਇਆ, ਆਪਣੀ ਗੁਰੂਤਾ ਕੀ ਅਭਿਲਾਖਾ ਜਾਗ ਗਈ | ਜਿਸ ਪਰ ਉਸ ਕੇ ਕਈ ਨਿਯਮ ਗੁਰਮਤਿ ਵਿਰੁਧ ਪਰਚਾਰ ਕਰਨੇ ਚਾਹੇ ਜਿਸ ਤੋਂ ਪੰਥ ਦਾ ਵਿਰੋਧ ਹੋ ਕੇ ਖਾਲਸੇ ਦੇ ਦੋ ਦਲ ਬਣ ਗਝ......
- He turned arrogant and got a desire to become Guru, After became famous among people.
- He preached code of conduct against Gurmat leads to division of Khalsa Panth.
Twarikh Guru Khalsa
Giani Gian Singh mentioned in detail in Twarikh Guru Khalsa that he tried to establish himself as a Guru in later stages.
....ਗੁਰੂ ਕੇ ਸਿੰਘ ਤਾਂ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਹੀ ਬੰਦੇ ਤੋਂ ਜੁਦਾ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਸਨ , ਕਿਓਂਕਿ ਓਹ ਸਿੰਘਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਰਬਾਰ ਵਿਚ ਤੇ ਗੁਰੂ ਅਸਥਾਨਾ ਵਿਚ ਗਦੇਲਾ ਵਿਚ ਕੇ ਬੈਠ ਕਰ ਚੋਰ ਸਫਾ ਕਰਾਉਂਦਾ ਤੇ ਦਰਸ਼ਨੀ ਫ਼ਤਹਿ ਬੁਲਾਉਂਦਾ ਸੀ |....
Banda Singh Bahadur, Giani Kartar Singh
In 1914, Bhai Kartar Singh had written a book on life account of Banda Singh Bahadur, in which he mentioned that Mata Sundri clearly instructed Khalsa in form of letter to not follow Banda Bahadur's commands. Khalsa assured her that they will not accompany Banda Bahadur anymore.
It is mentioned that Banda Bahadur got angry after hearing and reading this letter from Mata Sundri. Banda Bahadur replied to Mata Sundri that he had fulfilled his promise of helping in punishing Wazir Khan and now ownwards he is not bound to follow Khalsa and Guru Gobind Singh wordings. In letter, Banda Bahdur abused and written rude to Mata Sundri calling her a Dumb woman.
Bharat Mat Darpan, 1926
By Pandit Ganesha Singh Nirmala, he wrote that:
‘They initiate through ‘Charna Amrit’, keep ‘Janju’ (Hindu caste string signifying Brahmin lineage), wear white clothes, black or green clothes they never wear, they wear breaches coming below knee. On meeting they say, ‘Darshan Ji Ka Khalsa Darshan Ji Ki Fateh’. At the end of their name they either have title of Singh or Das.’
Historian Karam Singh
Buddha Dal - Nihung Jathebandi
Buddha Dal, the confederated army of the Sikhs, also says that Banda Singh Bahadur was a rebel.
- Banda was overwhelmed with false pride and became arrogant.
- His mistreatment of the Khalsa, and alterations of the Guru-ordained Khalsa traditions, resulted in the Khalsa warriors loosing respect for him.
- Banda declared himself a Guru.
- Banda Singh altered Khalsa salutation, stopped wearing blue, etc.
- The mighty Khalsa, lead by Baba Binod Singh and his son, Baba Kahn Singh opposed these Hindu Vairagi innovations of Banda.
Recently, Nihung Dharam Singh of Buddha Dal openly said in a video that Banda Bahadur was a apostate and Khalsa should not regard Banda Bahadur and celebrate any Festivals related to him as he gone against Khalsa, Mata Sundri and Guru Gobind Singh.
Questions By Bandai Khalsa
See also
- Banda Singh Bahadur
- Gurdwara Shahidi Asthaan Baba Banda Singh Bahadur
- Gurdwara Baba Banda Singh Bahadur
- Gurdwara Baba Banda Singh Bahadur,Dhallian,Byepass, Nowshera
- History against Banda Singh Bahadur
References
- ^ Page 83, Sketch of Sikhs, John Malcolm. Sektch of Sikhs, Read Online
- ^ thesikhencyclopedia DOT com/scriptures/nineteenth-century-literature/prachin-panth-prakash Sikh Encyclopedia on Prachin Panth Prakash
- ^ Prachin Panth Prakash, Rattan Singh Bhangu