Sikh prosody: Difference between revisions

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== Elements ==
== Elements ==
=== Varan ===
=== Varan ===
In poetry, Consonants(ਅਖਰ) are called varan(ਵਰਣ). In writing consonants(ਅਖਰ) produce only their sound. In punjabi their are 10 vowels(ਲਗਾਂ) that are used with consonants(ਅਖਰ), they produce different sounds accordingly. Some of them take less time to produce and some to more. The shorter once are called laghu(ਲਘੂ) and the longer once are called guru(ਗੁਰੂ). For example 'ਡਰ', 'ਜਿਸ', 'ਉਸ' are laghu where as 'ਵਡਾ', 'ਵੀਰਾ', 'ਗੋਰਾ', 'ਮੂਲੀ' are guru.
In poetry, Words are made from units called syllables which are made of consonant(ਅਖਰ) and vowel(ਲਗਾਂ) combination.  Consonants(ਅਖਰ) are called varan(ਵਰਣ). In writing consonants(ਅਖਰ) produce only their sound. In punjabi their are 10 vowels(ਲਗਾਂ) that are used with consonants(ਅਖਰ), they produce different sounds accordingly. Some of them take less time to produce and some to more. The shorter once are called laghu(ਲਘੂ) and the longer once are called guru(ਗੁਰੂ). For example 'ਡਰ', 'ਜਿਸ', 'ਉਸ' are laghu where as 'ਵਡਾ', 'ਵੀਰਾ', 'ਗੋਰਾ', 'ਮੂਲੀ' are guru.


== Meter ==
== Meter ==
The poetry which has morae(ਮਾਤਰਾ),syllable(ਗਣ),pause(ਵਿਸ਼ਰਾਮ)and alliteration(ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ) etc ruled accordingly , is meter(ਛੰਦ).<br>
The poetry which has morae(ਮਾਤਰਾ),syllable(ਗਣ),pause(ਵਿਸ਼ਰਾਮ)and alliteration(ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ) etc ruled accordingly , is meter(ਛੰਦ).<br>
It is similar to raag's(ਰਾਗ) which evolve with time.It's main part are syllable(ਗਣ) and morae(ਮਾਤਰਾ).
It is similar to raag's(ਰਾਗ) which evolve with time.It's main part are syllable(ਗਣ) and morae(ਮਾਤਰਾ).

Revision as of 22:45, 27 September 2013

ਜਲਦ ਨਿਰਸ ਫੀਕੋ, ਕੰਜ ਬਿਨ ਤਾਲ ਫੀਕੋ,

   ਮਧੁਪ ਕੇ ਲੇਖੇ ਫੂਲ ਫੀਕੋ ਮਕਰੰਦ ਬਿਨ,

ਮਿਤ੍ਰ ਬਿਨ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਫੀਕੋ, ਨੇਮ ਭਾਵ ਹੀਨ ਫੀਕੋ,

 ਗ੍ਰਹਿ ਅਤਿ ਫੀਕੋ ਬਿਨ ਹੇਮ ਅਰੁ ਨੰਦ ਬਿਨ,

ਦਾਨ ਬਿਨ ਮਾਨ ਫੀਕੋ, ਗਾਨ ਬਿਨ ਤਾਨ ਫੀਕੋ,

 ਵ੍ਯਾਖ੍ਯਾ ਬਿਨ ਅਮਲ ਔ ਰੈਨ ਸੈਨ ਚੰਨ ਬਿਨ,

ਨ੍ਯਾਯ ਬਿਨ ਰਾਜ, ਕਵਿ ਬਿਨ ਹੈ ਸਮਾਜ ਫੀਕੋ,

 ਤ੍ਯੇਂ ਹਰਿ ਵ੍ਰਿਜੇਸ਼ ਪਾਠ ਫੀਕੋ ਗ੍ਯਾਨ ਛੰਦ ਬਿਨ.

English translation of last two lines : nation without justice, society without poetry is dull, similarly without proper knowledge of prosody a perfect lesson can be dull.

These lines tell how important knowledge of prosody is to write a prose. So, prosody(ਪਿੰਗਲ) is the grammar of poetry. Pingal(ਪਿੰਗਲ) was a great Sanskrit Scholar. He was author of chand shastra(ਛੰਦ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ) which is the earliest treatise on Sanskrit prosody. Sometimes Pingal(ਪਿੰਗਲ) is used to denote prosody(ਛੰਦ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ).

Poetry

ਵ੍ਯਾਕਰਣ ਅਰੁ ਪਿੰਗਲ ਸ਼ਾਸਤ੍ਰ ਦੇ ਨਿਯਮਾਨੁਸਾਰ ਜੋ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ ਸਹਿਤ ਰਸਭਰੀ ਵਰਣ-ਰਚਨਾ ਹੋਵੇ, ਉਸ ਦੀ ਕਾਵਯ ਸੰਗ੍ਯਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਦੇ ਦੋ ਭੇਦ ਹੈਨ, ਗਦ੍ਯ ਅਤੇ ਪਦ੍ਯ, ਅਰਥਾਤ ਵਾਰਤੀਕ ਅਤੇ ਛੰਦ.

Poetry is a literary art which is created according to rules of Grammar and Pingal Shastra(ਛੰਦ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ) along with figure of speech(ਅਲੰਕਾਰ) in words to evoke emotions, it has two parts prose and metre.


Elements

Varan

In poetry, Words are made from units called syllables which are made of consonant(ਅਖਰ) and vowel(ਲਗਾਂ) combination. Consonants(ਅਖਰ) are called varan(ਵਰਣ). In writing consonants(ਅਖਰ) produce only their sound. In punjabi their are 10 vowels(ਲਗਾਂ) that are used with consonants(ਅਖਰ), they produce different sounds accordingly. Some of them take less time to produce and some to more. The shorter once are called laghu(ਲਘੂ) and the longer once are called guru(ਗੁਰੂ). For example 'ਡਰ', 'ਜਿਸ', 'ਉਸ' are laghu where as 'ਵਡਾ', 'ਵੀਰਾ', 'ਗੋਰਾ', 'ਮੂਲੀ' are guru.

Meter

The poetry which has morae(ਮਾਤਰਾ),syllable(ਗਣ),pause(ਵਿਸ਼ਰਾਮ)and alliteration(ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ) etc ruled accordingly , is meter(ਛੰਦ).
It is similar to raag's(ਰਾਗ) which evolve with time.It's main part are syllable(ਗਣ) and morae(ਮਾਤਰਾ).