Sikhism & Chemistry

The idea of the Atom

The atom was first discovered by Dr. Dalton (1766- 1844) who proposed his atomic theory in 1803. Maxwell called this discovery, “The imperishable foundation of the universe.” However the idea of a tiny particles of matter invisible to the naked eye have been mentioned in various references in the Sikh holy scripture.

“Even if the mortal could reduce himself to the size of an atom, and shoot through the worlds and realms in the blinking of an eye, O Nanak, without the guidance of a Holy Saint, he shall not be saved.” SGGSJ Page 1360

Temperature

People have intuitively known about temperature for a long time e.g. that fire is hot and snow is cold. Greater knowledge of temperature was gained as people attempted to work with metals through the bronze and iron ages. Galileo invented the first documented thermometer in about 1592 however this was not available in India. Nevertheless the Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji teaches that the boiling point of milk is higher than that of water.

“O mind, love the Lord, as the water loves the milk. The water, added to the milk, itself bears the heat, and prevents the milk from burning. God unites the separated ones with Himself again, and blesses them with true greatness.” SGGSJ page 60

“Just like water, which loves milk so much that it will not let it burn - O my mind, so love the Lord.” SGGSJ page 454