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[[Image:Guru Gobind Singh 1.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Guru Gobind Singh]] | [[Image:Guru Gobind Singh 1.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Guru Gobind Singh]] |
Revision as of 17:01, 3 January 2006
Guru Gobind Singh Ji (December 22, 1666 in Patna, Bihar, India - October 7, 1708) was the tenth and last of the Ten human form Gurus of Sikhism. He became Guru on November 11, 1675 at the age of nine, following in the footsteps of his father Guru Teg Bahadur Ji. Before Guru Ji left his body, he nominated Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji (SGGS) as the next perpetual Guru of the Sikhs. Guru Gobind Singh moulded the Sikh Religion into its present form today with the formation of the Khalsa.
Early Life
For the first 20 years or so of his life, Guru Gobind Singh lived peacefully at Anandpur practicing arms and exercises to complete his training as a soldier. He also studied Persian and Sanskrit and engaged 52 poets to translate the Hindu epics. Stories of ancient heroes were translated into Punjabi in order to create the martial spirit among the Sikhs. The Guru also wrote several compositions including Jaap Sahib, Akal Ustat and Sawayas during this period. He also established a Gurdwara at Paonta Sahib on the banks of the river Jamna.
Battle of Bhangani
The Guru admonished hill Rajas including Raja Bhim Chand for giving their daughters to the Moghuls as tribute for holding their positions. His efforts at winning their support against Aurangzeb bore no fruit. On the contrary, the hill Rajas conspired with the Moghul armies o put down the power of Guru Gobind singh. Hey however faced defeat several times at the hands of the comparatively small Sikh Army.
Battle of Nadaun (Hussaini Yudh)
The Masands
The Guru received various complaints against the priests – masands – who robbed he poor Sikhs and misappropriated the collections. Th Guru abolished this order and severly punished the miscreants. Hereafter, the faithful were to bring their offerings direct o the Guru at the time of the annual Vaisakhi fair
The Khalsa
Guru Gobind Singh Gallery
References
Preceded by: Guru Teg Bahadur (1 April 1621 - 11 November 1675) |
Guru Gobind Singh | Followed by: Guru Granth Sahib (Perpetual Guru of the Sikhs) |
These are the Ten Gurus of Sikhism |
Guru Nanak | Guru Angad Dev | Guru Amar Das | Guru Ram Das | Guru Arjan | Guru Hargobind | Guru Har Rai | Guru Har Krishan | Guru Teg Bahadur | Guru Gobind Singh |
Chronology of the Main Events in Guru ji Life
# | Date | Event |
---|---|---|
1 | December 22nd, 1666 | Birth at Patna Sahib |
2 | May, 1673 | Arrival at Anandpur Sahib |
3 | July, 1677 | Marriage with Mata Jeeto Ji |
4 | 1682 | Repulsing the attack of Raja Bhim Chand on Anandpur |
5 | May, 1685 | Maklaavaa of Mata Jeeto Ji (who adopted the name 'Sundari') |
6 | July, 1685 | Guru Ji leaves Anandpur for Paonta Sahib |
7 | November, 1686 | Birth of S. Ajit Singh Ji |
8 | October, 1687 | Battle of Bhangani |
9 | November 1688 | Return to Anandpur Sahib |
10 | 1689 | Battle of Naudan |
11 | March,1690 | Birth of S. Jujhar Singh Ji |
12 | 1694 | Khanzada attacks Anandpur |
13 | 1695 | Battle with Hussain Khan |
14 | 1697 | Birth of S. Zorawar Singh Ji |
15 | 1699 | Birth of S. Fateh Singh Ji |
16 | Vaisakhi, 1699 | Creation of the Khalsa |
17 | September 1699 | Skirmishes with Raja Bhim Chand |
18 | December 1700 | Attacked by the combined forces of the hill chieftains |
19 | January 1701 | Leave Anandpur for Nirmoh |
20 | January 1702 | Battle of Nirmoh |
21 | March 1702 | Goes to Basoli April |
22 | June 1702 | Occupation of Kalmot |
23 | August 1702 | Return to Anandpur |
24 | February 1703 | Repulsing the attacks of the hill-chieftains |
25 | June 1704 | Repulsing the combined attack of hill-chiefs and Mughals |
26 | December 1704 | Evacuation of Anandpur |
27 | December 1704 | Battle of Chamkaur and martyrdom of S. Ajit Singh Ji and S. Jujhar Singh Ji |
28 | December 1704 | Martyrdom of S. Zorawar Singh Ji and S. Fateh Singh Ji |
29 | May, 1705 | Battle of Khidrana |
30 | June 1705 | Battle of Mukatsar |
31 | July 1705 | Reach Sabo-ki-talwandi (Damdama Sahib) |
32 | November 1705 | Start from Damdama Sahib to meet emperor Aurangzeb |
33 | February 1706 | Death of Aurangzeb |
34 | March 1706 | Guru Ji receives news of death of Aurangzeb |
35 | July 23rd, 1707 | Guru Ji meets Bahadhur Shah at Agra |
36 | November 1707 | Moves towards Deccan |
37 | September 1708 | Reach Nanded |
38 | October 7th, 1708 | Jyoti Jyot (Guru Ji leaves his body) |