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'''Zorawar Singh''' ([[28 November]] [[1696]] - [[26 December]] [[1705]]), the third son of [[Guru Gobind Singh]], was born to [[Mata Jito]] ji (also known as Mata Sundari ji) at [[Anandpur]] on 28 November <!----- 27 July (updated 30 Oct-09 Nanakshahi calendar SGPC )----> 1696 and was barely nine years old at the time of the evacuation of Anandpur on the night of 21-22 December 1705.  
'''Zorawar Singh''' ([[November 28,]] [[1696]] - [[December 26,]] [[1705]]), the third son of [[Guru Gobind Singh]], was born to [[Mata Jito Ji]] (also known as Mata Sundari Ji) at [[Anandpur]] on November 28, <!----- 27 July (updated 30 Oct-09 Nanakshahi calendar SGPC )----> 1696. He was barely nine years old at the time of the evacuation of Anandpur on the night of December 20, 1704.  


Since the death, on 5 December 1700 of Mata Jito ji<sup>[[Sahibzada_Zorawar_Singh#Death of Mata Jito in 1700 questioned|(1)]]</sup>, [[Mata Gujari]], his grandmother had been especially attached to young Zorawar Singh and his infant brother, [[Fateh Singh]]. She took charge of both as the column moved out of [[Anandpur]].
Since the death of Mata Jito Ji<sup>[[Sahibzada_Zorawar_Singh#Death of Mata Jito in 1700 questioned|(1)]]</sup> on December 5, Zorawar's grandmother, [[Mata Gujari]], became especially attached to young Zorawar Singh and his infant brother, [[Fateh Singh]]. She took charge of both children as the column moved out of [[Anandpur]].


While crossing on horseback the rivulet [[Sirsa]], then in spate, the three were separated from [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. Their cook, Gangu, who had also succeeded in crossing the stream, escorted them to his own house in the village of '''Kheri''', now known as '''''Saheri''''', near [[Morinda]] in presentday [[Ropar]] district.  
While crossing the rivulet [[Sirsa]] on horseback, then in spate, the three were separated from [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. Their cook, Gangu, who had also succeeded in crossing the stream, escorted them to his own house in the village of '''Kheri''', now known as '''''Saheri''''', near [[Morinda]] in present day [[Ropar District]].  


While unsaddling the horse he saw that there was some valuables in the saddlebag. This tempted him to treachery. He not only stole the saddlebag during the night, but also planned to betray the fugitives to the government in hope of a reward.
While unsaddling the horse, Gangu saw that there was some valuables in the saddlebag. This tempted him to treachery. He not only stole the saddlebag during the night, but also planned to betray the fugitives to the government in hope of a reward.


==Treachery by Gangu==
==Treachery by Gangu==
{{tocright}}
{{tocright}}


On the morning of 21 December 1705, the day of the fateful battle of [[Chamkaur]], [[Baba Zorawar Singh ji]], along with [[Baba Fateh Singh ji]] and their grandmother, was taken into custody by Jani Khan and Mani Khan Ranghar, the officials at [[Morinda]] after their cover was blown by Gangu who reported them to the Mughal authorities.  
On the morning of December 21, 1704, the day of the fateful [[Battle of Chamkaur]], [[Baba Zorawar Singh ji]] along with [[Baba Fateh Singh Ji]] and their grandmother, were taken into custody by [[Jani Khan]] and [[Mani Khan Ranghar]], the officials at [[Morinda]], after their cover was blown by Gangu who had reported them to the Mughal authorities.  


They were despatched on the following day to [[Sirhind]] where they were consigned to the Cold Tower ([[Thanda Burj]]) of the Fort. This spot is marked by the famous [[Gurdwara Fatehgarh sahib]].
They were dispatched on the following day to [[Sirhind]], where they were consigned to the Cold Tower ([[Thanda Burj]]) of the fort. This spot is marked by the famous [[Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib]].


On 23 December 1705, [[Baba Zorawar Singh ji]] and [[Baba Fateh Singh ji]] were produced before the faujdaar, [[Nawab Wazir Khan]], who had just returned from [[Chamkaur]] with his feudal ally, Nawab Sher Muhammad Khan of Malerkotla.  
On December 23, 1704, [[Baba Zorawar Singh Ji]] and [[Baba Fateh Singh Ji]] were produced before the faujdaar, [[Nawab Wazir Khan]], who had just returned from [[Chamkaur]] with his feudal ally, [[Nawab Sher Muhammad Khan]] of [[Malerkotla]].  


[[Wazir Khan]] tried to lure the [[Sahibzadas]] to embrace [[Islam]] with promises of riches and honours, but they spurned the suggestion. He then threatened them with death, but they remained undaunted. Death sentence was finally pronounced.  
Wazir Khan tried to lure the [[Sahibzade]] to embrace [[Islam]] with promises of riches and honors, but they spurned the suggestion. He then threatened them with death, but they remained undaunted. The death sentence of the two children was finally announced.  


Upon Sher Muhammad Khan's intercession for the innocent children to be spared their lives, they were given some more time to ponder over the suggestion to convert. [[Sahibzada Zorawar Singh ji]] and his brother spent another two days of severe winter in their old grandmother's lap in the '''[[Thanda Burj|Cold Tower]]'''.  
Upon Sher Muhammad Khan's intercession for the innocent children's lives to be spared, Zorawar and Fateh were given some more time to ponder over the suggestion to convert. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and his brother spent another two days during the severe winter in their old grandmother's lap in the '''[[Thanda Burj|Cold Tower]]'''.


==Atrocity by the Mughals==
==Atrocity by the Mughals==


Still adamant, they were, on 25 December 1705, ordered to be sealed alive in a wall. According to tradition, as the masonry around their tender bodies reached chest high, it crumbled. The [[Sahibzadas]] were sent to the Cold Tower again for the night. The next day, 26 December 1705, the alternative of conversion being again turned down, [[Baba Zorawar Singh ji]] and [[Baba Fateh Singh]] ji were martyred by sealing alive in a wall.  
Still adamant, the young Sikhs were ordered to be sealed alive in a wall on December 25, 1704. According to tradition, as the masonry around their tender bodies reached chest high, it crumbled. The Sahibzade were sent to the Cold Tower again for the night. The next day, December 26, 1704, after the alternative of conversion was turned down again, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Baba Fateh Singh Ji were martyred by being sealed alive in a wall.  


The aged [[Mata Gujari]] Kaur ji, who had all along been kept in the Cold Tower, only a little distance away, breathed her last as the news reached her ears. Mata Gujari Kaur ji through upbringing of her grandsons played such an important role in [[Sikhism]] that as [[Sikh]]s, we can owe our existence to her.  
The aged Mata Gujari Kaur Ji, who had all along been kept in the Cold Tower only a little distance away, breathed her last as the news reached her ears. Mata Gujari Kaur, through the upbringing of her grandsons, played an important role in [[Sikhism]] and as [[Sikhs]], we owe our existence to her.  


It was due to her teachings that 6 year old and 9 year old did not bulge from their Dharma and attained martyrdom., thus continuing and emphasizing the institute of martyrdom in Sikhism.
It was due to her teachings that the 7 year old Zorawar Singh and 5 year old Fateh Singh did not budge from their [[Dharma]] and attained martyrdom., thus continuing and emphasizing the institute of martyrdom in Sikhism.


[[Seth Todar Mall]], a wealthy merchant of [[Sirhind]], performed the cremation of the three dead bodies the following day. The site of the fateful happenings, since christened [[Fatehgarh Sahib]], close to the old town of Sirhind, is now marked by four Sikh shrines. A religious fair is held here from 25 to 28 December every year to honour the memory of the martyrs.
[[Seth Todar Mall]], a wealthy merchant of [[Sirhind]], performed the cremation of the three dead bodies the following day. The site of the fateful happenings, since christened as [[Fatehgarh Sahib]], is close to the old town of Sirhind and is now marked by four Sikh shrines. A religious fair is held there from December 25 to 28 every year to honor the memory of the martyrs.


== Death of Mata Jito in 1700 questioned==
== Death of Mata Jito in 1700 questioned==


Following the link to [[Mata Jito ji]] one finds that Mata Jito (also known as Mata Sundari ji) "…Consequent upon the evacuation of Anandpur on the night of 21-22 December 1705, Mata Sundari ji, along with Mata Sahib Devan (who adopted the name 'Sahib Kaur' after recieving Amrit), was escorted by Bhai Mani Singh ji to Delhi."  
Following the link to Mata Jito Ji, one finds that "…consequent upon the evacuation of Anandpur on the night of 20 December 1704, Mata Sundari ji, along with Mata Sahib Devan (who adopted the name 'Sahib Kaur' after recieving Amrit), was escorted by Bhai Mani Singh Ji to Delhi."  
 
She lived for many years in Delhi after the death of her husband, [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. The writer/s of this article have followed the same line of reasoning that earlier historians have followed — that as the young Sahibzadas were escorted out of [[Anandpur]] by their grandmother that their mother had died earlier in the confused fighting that took place at Anandpur sahib.


She lived for many years in Delhi after the death of her husband, [[Guru Gobind Singh Ji]]. The writer/s of this article have followed the same line of reasoning that earlier historians have followed — that at the time the young Sahibzade were escorted out of [[Anandpur]] by their grandmother, their mother had died earlier in the confused fighting that took place at Anandpur Sahib.


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 06:33, 28 November 2015

Mata Gujar Kaur ji with the younger Sahibzade


Zorawar Singh (November 28, 1696 - December 26, 1705), the third son of Guru Gobind Singh, was born to Mata Jito Ji (also known as Mata Sundari Ji) at Anandpur on November 28, 1696. He was barely nine years old at the time of the evacuation of Anandpur on the night of December 20, 1704.

Since the death of Mata Jito Ji(1) on December 5, Zorawar's grandmother, Mata Gujari, became especially attached to young Zorawar Singh and his infant brother, Fateh Singh. She took charge of both children as the column moved out of Anandpur.

While crossing the rivulet Sirsa on horseback, then in spate, the three were separated from Guru Gobind Singh. Their cook, Gangu, who had also succeeded in crossing the stream, escorted them to his own house in the village of Kheri, now known as Saheri, near Morinda in present day Ropar District.

While unsaddling the horse, Gangu saw that there was some valuables in the saddlebag. This tempted him to treachery. He not only stole the saddlebag during the night, but also planned to betray the fugitives to the government in hope of a reward.

Treachery by Gangu

On the morning of December 21, 1704, the day of the fateful Battle of Chamkaur, Baba Zorawar Singh ji along with Baba Fateh Singh Ji and their grandmother, were taken into custody by Jani Khan and Mani Khan Ranghar, the officials at Morinda, after their cover was blown by Gangu who had reported them to the Mughal authorities.

They were dispatched on the following day to Sirhind, where they were consigned to the Cold Tower (Thanda Burj) of the fort. This spot is marked by the famous Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib.

On December 23, 1704, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Baba Fateh Singh Ji were produced before the faujdaar, Nawab Wazir Khan, who had just returned from Chamkaur with his feudal ally, Nawab Sher Muhammad Khan of Malerkotla.

Wazir Khan tried to lure the Sahibzade to embrace Islam with promises of riches and honors, but they spurned the suggestion. He then threatened them with death, but they remained undaunted. The death sentence of the two children was finally announced.

Upon Sher Muhammad Khan's intercession for the innocent children's lives to be spared, Zorawar and Fateh were given some more time to ponder over the suggestion to convert. Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and his brother spent another two days during the severe winter in their old grandmother's lap in the Cold Tower.

Atrocity by the Mughals

Still adamant, the young Sikhs were ordered to be sealed alive in a wall on December 25, 1704. According to tradition, as the masonry around their tender bodies reached chest high, it crumbled. The Sahibzade were sent to the Cold Tower again for the night. The next day, December 26, 1704, after the alternative of conversion was turned down again, Baba Zorawar Singh Ji and Baba Fateh Singh Ji were martyred by being sealed alive in a wall.

The aged Mata Gujari Kaur Ji, who had all along been kept in the Cold Tower only a little distance away, breathed her last as the news reached her ears. Mata Gujari Kaur, through the upbringing of her grandsons, played an important role in Sikhism and as Sikhs, we owe our existence to her.

It was due to her teachings that the 7 year old Zorawar Singh and 5 year old Fateh Singh did not budge from their Dharma and attained martyrdom., thus continuing and emphasizing the institute of martyrdom in Sikhism.

Seth Todar Mall, a wealthy merchant of Sirhind, performed the cremation of the three dead bodies the following day. The site of the fateful happenings, since christened as Fatehgarh Sahib, is close to the old town of Sirhind and is now marked by four Sikh shrines. A religious fair is held there from December 25 to 28 every year to honor the memory of the martyrs.

Death of Mata Jito in 1700 questioned

Following the link to Mata Jito Ji, one finds that "…consequent upon the evacuation of Anandpur on the night of 20 December 1704, Mata Sundari ji, along with Mata Sahib Devan (who adopted the name 'Sahib Kaur' after recieving Amrit), was escorted by Bhai Mani Singh Ji to Delhi."

She lived for many years in Delhi after the death of her husband, Guru Gobind Singh Ji. The writer/s of this article have followed the same line of reasoning that earlier historians have followed — that at the time the young Sahibzade were escorted out of Anandpur by their grandmother, their mother had died earlier in the confused fighting that took place at Anandpur Sahib.

See also

External Links

References

  • 1. Kuir Singh, Gurbilas Patshahl 10. Patiala, 1968
  • 2. Chhibbar, Kesacr Singh, Bansavalmama Dasan Patshahian Ka, ed. Rattan Singh Jaggi. Chandigarh, 1972
  • 3. Sainapati, Sn Gur Sobha, ed. Ganda Singh. Patiala, 1967
  • 4. Gian Singh, Giani, Panth Prakash. Delhi, 1880
  • 5. Padam, Piara Singh, Char Sahibzade. Patiala, 1970
  • 6. Dates changed in accordance with Nanakshahi calendar


These articles deal with Char Sahibzade

Sahibzada Ajit Singh -|- Sahibzada Jujhar Singh -|- Sahibzada Zorawar Singh -|- Sahibzada Fateh Singh


Guru Gobind Singh Sakhis

Sakhis of Guru Gobind Singh
Battle of Anandpur Sahib Bhai Sajja Do Not Smoke Guru Gobind Singh and Ghanaya
Guru Gobind Singh Gallery Two Pots Sau Sakhi Guru Gobind Singh and Tobacco
Guru Gobind Singh's arrows Hermit of Kaalsi The Blue Horse Guru Gobind Singh and The Donkey
Chronology of Guru Gobind Singh's life Compilation of Dasam Granth Dasam Bani in Sikh History Death of Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh Guru Gobind Singh and Hari Chand Guru Gobind Singh marg Freedom of India
Martyrdom of Sons Mata Sunder Kaur Nanded 1708 Peer Buddhu Shah
Sahib-e-kamal Guru Gobind Singh Sahibzada Ajit Singh Sahibzada Jujhar Singh Sarbloh Granth
Sau Sakhi Second battle of Chamkaur Sahib Ses dheea par sirar n dheea SIPANJI
Pir Bhikan Shah and the Two Pots of Sweets Some shave their head Sahibzada Zorawar Singh

Guru Gobind Singh

Sikh History