Shabad Patshahi 10

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Sri Dasam Granth Sahib
(ਦਸਮ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ)

Dasam Granth.jpg

Banis
Jaap - Akal Ustat - Bachitar Natak - Chandi Charitar Ukat(i) Bilas - Chandi Charitar 2 - Chandi di Var - Gyan Parbodh - Chobis Avatar - Brahm Avtar - Rudar Avtar - Sabad Patshahi 10 - 33 Swaiyey - Khalsa Mahima - Shastar Nam Mala - Ath Pakhyan Charitar Likhyate - Zafarnama - Hikayats
Other Related Banis
Bhagauti Astotar - Ugardanti - Sri Kaal Chopai - Lakhi Jungle Khalsa - Asfotak Kabits - Sahansar Sukhmana - Vaar Malkauns Ki - Chandd Patshahi 10
History
Historical Sources - Memorials - Anti Dasam
Philosophical aspects
Idol Worship - Pilgrimages - Chandi - Triya - Shastar
Scholar Views
Singh Sabha Lahore - Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha - Professor Sahib Singh - Bhai Veer Singh - Jarnail Singh Bhindrawale -
Critics
Ram Raaiyas of Payal - Teja Singh Bhasod - Gyani Bhag Singh Ambala - Professor Darshan Singh

Sabad Patshahi 10 are ten religious hymns composed by Guru Gobind Singh which are present in Dasam Granth. These hymns and also against any form of Idolatry, Human Worship or worshiping deities and also have comments on ritualistic practices of various schools in Hinduism like Sanyasis, Yogis, Bairagis etc.

These are composed in nine different ragas and are in the style of the Bishanpadas. In these different sections, the tenth master, Guru Gobind Singh Ji has given expression to his philosophical and spiritual beliefs. He has negated the ritualism associated with yoga, belief in the Avatars and sensuality and inspired people to move on the path of truth and goodness. Alongside these is included a Khayal Patshahi 10 which is believed to be written by Guru Gobind Singh while he was in the jungles of Machhiwara.

In Dasam Granth, This composition was placed after Avtar Katha because of the reason as in Avtars Guru Gobind Singh narrated history of religion and regular changes in those which produced current form of religion at that time, Guru Gobind Singh sanctifies the corruption done in past in these Sabads and provide the Tatva in these Sabads.

Facts

  • These 10 hymns are also called Shabad Hazaare Patshahi 10.
  • These hymns are present under title Sabad.
  • These hymns are primarily composed in Braj and Hindi languages,[1] with plentiful use of sanskritic words,[2] except 6th Hymn, which is composed in Punjabi with some Urdu words.
  • Excluding Hymn No. 6, All other hymns have 3 Padas and Rahau (The Pause) is placed in beginning of Shabad
  • Hymn 6th was composed at Machiwara where as others were composed at Anandpur Sahib. The ordering of Hymns was given by Bhai Mani Singh
  • The only Six Ragas present in Dasam Granth are in title of Hymns
  • These shabads deal with futility of ascetism, idolatry and attachment[3]
  • Shabad Hazare is a title given to collection of these shabads. Though it is not present in main text and the meaning is not too clear but traditionally it is believed that one shabad have merit of thousand.[4] Some scholar link hazare word to Persian Hijr means separation which linked as the shabads separates us from Maya,[5] where it is also believed to be come from word Haazra (means present) i.e. word of Haazar Hazoor
  • In Shabad 5 Guru Sahib tell that man should not worship creation but the creator

Recitations and Katha

Shabad Recitation/Singing Katha
Re Man Aiso Kar Sanyasa - Raga Ramkali Bhai Balwinder Singh Rangila,
Film: Nanak naam jahaz hai
Sant Singh Maskeen,
Dharam Singh Nihang Singh
Re Man in bidh jog kamao - Raga Ramkali Bhai Balbir Singh Dharam Singh Nihang Singh
Praani Param Purakh Pag laago - Raga Ramkali Bhai Balbir Singh Ji []
Prabh ju tu keh laaj hamari - Raga Sorath Bhai Balbir Singh,
Movie:Nanak naam jahaz hai
[]
Bin Kartar na Kirtam Maano - Raga Kalyan Bhai Balbir Singh []
Mittar pyare nu - Khyaal Muhommad Rafi,
Ishmeet Singh,
Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan,
Sonu Nigam,
Hans Raj Hans,
Jagjit Singh,
Sunil Dogra,
Ustad tilak raj gupta,
Alam Lohar,
Anandmurti Guruma
Bhai Maghar Singh (Sabad and Katha),
Dharam Singh Nihang Singh
Kewal Kaal hi Kartaar - Raga Tilang Kaafi Listen Shabad []
So kim Manas roop kahai - Raga Bilawal Bhai Balbir Singh []
ek bin dusar na ko chinar - Raga Devgandhari Listen Shabad []
Bin har naam na bachan paayi hai - Raga Devgandhari Listen Shabad []

Hymn Translations

Following are English translations of hymns:

EIK OANKAR SATGUR PARSADI

ONE ALL PERVADING CONSISTENT LORD, UNION WITH HIM BY HIS GRACE

I RAMKALI, PATSHAEI Xth

O my mind, when you will realize the Quintessence of the Divine abiding in you, and attain to Him this way, you will not get affected by the evil instincts of wrath, greed, obstinacy and attachments. (3)

Practice renunciation, considering your homestead as if to be living in a forest, as a detached person. Continence be your matted hair, your contemplation of Him as your ablution, and disciplined conduct be your long nails. The Divine Knowledge and His Guidance be the Guru; and the Divine Love be the ashes to be rubbed on the body. (1)

Ever cherishing Forgiveness, Compassion and love for all within you; while eating and sleeping sparingly, be the aim of life. The good conduct of contentment be your companion, ever rising above the Three Modes of Maya. (2)

II Ramkali Patshaei Xth

O my mind, practice Yoga in this way. Make Truth your horn, to be totally devoid of deceit be your necklace, and contemplation be the ashes to smear the body. (1. Pause).

Your concentration of mind be your one stringed instrument, and your begging bowl be the Divine Love. With the striking of the strings of concentration of mind on the Divine, the Supreme Melody of Love and Devotion will be created. Thus Quintessence, of Love and Songs of Wisdom will arise. Both the angels and the demons will be surprised on hearing the Melody, and our good self will be filled with joy. (2)

By living with the Divine within oneself, he will be enriched with the Divine Knowledge of Wisdom; will lead a Disciplined life by always remaining in tune with the Lord. He will thus lead a healthy life, free from ailments, and also attain the salvation (from the cycle of repeated deaths and births).

III Rag Ramkali, Patshaei Xth

O man, fall on the Feet of the Supreme Being. Why do you remain asleep in the intoxication of varied attachments of Maya? Wake up and look to the Reality. (1. Pause)

You preach others, while you remain ever ignorant like quadruped. What is the use of accumulation of the costly material things? Abandon the way of sinful life. (1)

Except the Divine Love, consider all works leading you to the darkness. Engage yourself toward observance of the Moral Law (Dharma). Thus accumulate the wealth of the Divine Love, and stay away from sinful life. (2)

Live ever with God, which way make you rise above all sins and pains connected therewith. You will thus break the noose of Death. The Lord God's Name gives peace to all at all times; remain ever absorbed in Him. (3)

IV Rag Sorath, Patshaei Xth

O Lord, my honor is in Your Hands. Lord, You are Blue throated and Blue dressed (epithets of Shiva), Man Lion (Nar Singh Avtar), Master of Waters (Narayan), Banvari (Vishnu). (1. Pause)

O Pure One, The Sublime, Transcendent, Master of all, Who lives on nothing. O Master of Maya (The Great Illusion - Satanic), The Great Enlightener, Destroyer of Tyranny and Pride, The Great Emancipator of All (1)

Lord, You are without sins, All Perfection, Never asleep, Without ant Defects and never undergoes sufferings, the Savior of all from falling into hell. O Ocean of Mercy, The Knower of every one's past, present and future; and the Destroyer of Evil. (2)

O Supreme Archer, the Wielder of Sword, The Support of Earth, I have come to take refuge of Your Lotus Feet. Give me Your Hand and ferry me across the Ocean of Existence.

V Rag Kalyan, Patshaei Xth

Except the Creator Lord, do not accept any one as your Savior. He is the Primal Being, Unborn, Unconquerable, and Eternal. Accept Him alone, to be the Lord of all. (1. Pause)

What great thing is it, when god Vishnu took birth and annihilated a few demons? By staging such a show, he got himself advertised to be the Supreme in the world. (1)

O No, it is Almighty God above all, Who is All Powerful, to create and destroy anything, and He is Casteless. He is the Sword of All Time, whom He strikes, none can save him. (2)

O ignorant one, listen. The one who has drowned himself in this vast ocean of existence, how can he save you from drowning? You can cross the ocean of existence, only when you will surrender yourself to the Creator Lord and take His refuge. (3)

VI A THOUGHT (Khyal) Patshaei Xth

O my Love, listen to the plight of Your devotees.

Separation from You Lord is - Just like covering of a diseased quilt in cold weather to feel warmth;

It is just like living in high mansions, but invested with cobra snakes;

Drinking water from a pot, pierces like a lance;

And the cup strikes like a dagger;

Eating meat is like being hit by butcher's knife.

O Love, to be with You, I would prefer to sleep on the bare hard ground; while cursed is the living with others in Your forgetfulness.

VII Tilung Kafi, Patshaei Xth

The Lord is the Creator of All Time. The Infinite Lord, Who has no beginning and no end, He alone is both the Creator and the Destroyer. (1. Pause)

For Him Praise and Slander have no effect. He has neither any friend, nor any foe. Then what problem could the Lord have to become the charioteer of Arjuna? (1)

Also, why He was called the son of Devaki? He Who is the Creator of gods and the demons, Who pervades in all directions, and Whose Expanse is in the whole of Universe. If you call Him as 'Murari' (the Destroyer of demon Murar); this is surely Not His whole praise, whereas in reality you are lowering His status.

VIII Rag Bilawal, Patshaei Xth

How can the Lord God be in human form, of any limitations? The Sidhas in their meditations became weary of the ir practices, but could not see Him (1. Pause)

Narda, Vyasa, Prasara and Dhruv also dwelled upon Him, the readers of Vedas and the Purans also became tired of their utterances, but had to abandon their search of finding Him (1)

The gods, the demons and the evil spirits all say this that - "He is Not This, He is Not This." To some He appears to be the Subtlest of the subtle (Formless); whereas other say He is Biggest of the Big ones (creates the Universe from Himself, and gets it dissolved back within Himself). (2)

It is the Lord, Who created the Earth, the sky and the under world; He is One in many. Only that person will escape from the effect of the Time (Death), who would seek refuge of the Lord God. (3)

IX Rag Dev Gandhari, Patshaei Xth

Recognize One Lord alone, none else. There is One Creator Lord, Who is All Powerful Creator, the Maker and Breaker. (Pause)

What can one achieve, when he with utter devotion worships the stone gods? What have you achieved in worshipping stones with all your heart and devotion? You could not attain any enlightenment in this way! (1)

O ignorant man, your burn incense, make offering of whole rice, which the stone cannot eat. O ignorant one, what spiritual powers could you find in the stone images, that they could bless you of anything? (2)

If you could have a deeper thinking that if the stone were To have any life, then alone it could bless you. Except by surrendering oneself to the Lord of the Universe, there is No Salvation. (3)

X Rag Dev Gandhari, Patshaei Xth

Without meditating on God's Name, no one can be saved. The Lord created the Universe of fourteen regions, and exercises His Athority. Where will you manage to run to a place, to escape from His Authority? (1. Pause)

You who indulge in your communal worship of your gods (Ram, Rahim) will not thus be saved. (1)

The Vedas, Purans and Koran all call Him Infinite. Also Indras, Sesnagas, angelic beings and seers, who contemplated on Him for ages, could not find His limitations. (2)

The Lord, Who is Formless and of no color; how could be called of Blue hued color (Shyam)? Your can attain to your salvation or redemption from the cycle of repeated births and deaths, if you could cling to His Lotus Feet.

References

  1. ^ Page 18, Dasam Granth, S. S Kapoor
  2. ^ Page, 115 Teachings of the Sikh Gurus, C. Shackle, Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair, Routledge, 2005
  3. ^ Page-6, Hymns From The Dasam Granth, Gobind Singh Mansukhani, Hemkunt Press, 1993
  4. ^ Teachings of the Sikh Gurus, C. Shackle, Arvind-Pal Singh Mandair, Routledge, 2005
  5. ^ The Encyclopedia of Sikhism, H. S Singha, Hemkunt Press, 2000